Friday, January 29, 2010
Monday, January 25, 2010
Sunday, January 24, 2010
Don’t Tread On Me Director’s Hotel Room Burglarized, Script Stolen
From http://www.infowars.com/dont-tread-on-me-directors-hotel-room-burglarized-script-stolen/
Don’t Tread On Me Director’s Hotel Room Burglarized, Script Stolen
Text size
Infowars.com
January 24, 2010
Oklahoma City, OK – While in Oklahoma City to film probably the most important footage of his career, independent filmmaker William Lewis’ hotel room was ransacked, the thieves getting away with everything…but his camera, cell phone and the clothes on his back.
William Lewis.
After checking into his room, Lewis, who normally does not travel alone, went out to grab a bite to eat and scout the location for his exclusive interview with Oklahoma Representative Charles Key. Upon his return, Lewis found the door to his room ajar. Pushing the door open, he found that the only thing the thieves did not get was his well-hidden camera.
Lewis said, “I barely had time to find the (interview) location and grab some pizza.” It took him only seconds to notice that the burglars made off with his duffel bag, lighting equipment, backpack, which included other small equipment and information, and his laptop. Also stolen was the script and early version of the new film, Don’t Tread On Me, and some extra footage.
A d v e r t i s e m e n t
Gary Franchi, producer and co-writer of the film, commented on the incident, “It is unknown whether or not this was a random or targeted act against the films production but, given the current political climate in America, one tends to wonder.”
The policeman on the scene, Officer Bartel, was very helpful as he went door to door looking for and asking if anyone had seen anything suspicious. The hotel manager was reluctant to allow Lewis to film the rest of the incident, threatening to call the police if Lewis did not hand over the film, but was cooperative in the end, even supportive. “Good thing I keep multiple copies of this stuff and backup everything every few days!” Lewis exclaimed.
Franchi concluded, “Don’t Tread On Me is still on schedule for a spring release and nothing is going to stop it.”
http://www.DontTreadOnMeMovie.com
Research related links
Cameras Stolen from We Are Change in New York
Man Detained for Displaying “Don’t Tread on Me” Bumper Sticker
Pakistan blames US raids for hotel bombing
Writer Detained For Taking Photo Of Sea View Near Bilderberg Hotel
Danish cartoonist hid in ‘panic room’ during attack
National Guard Rents 500-Plus Hotel Rooms For Democratic Convention
Integrating Skype Into the Family TV: Net-connected mic & camera in every living room
Spooks Infest Marriott Hotel As Bilderberg Begins
Pakistan Hotel Suicide Blast Kills 11, Including UN Aid Worker
Luke Rudkowski Framed in “Classic Set-up”
Democrats lock Republicans out of committee room
Black Bloc Provocateurs Set Strasbourg Hotel on Fire
_____________
http://www.calltodecision.com/Tackling%20the%20tough%20topics.htm
_________
http://www.kt70.com/~jamesjpn/articles/john_todd_and_the_illuminati.htm
http://www.kt70.com/~jamesjpn/articles/TAPE1B.pdf
Don’t Tread On Me Director’s Hotel Room Burglarized, Script Stolen
Text size
Infowars.com
January 24, 2010
Oklahoma City, OK – While in Oklahoma City to film probably the most important footage of his career, independent filmmaker William Lewis’ hotel room was ransacked, the thieves getting away with everything…but his camera, cell phone and the clothes on his back.
William Lewis.
After checking into his room, Lewis, who normally does not travel alone, went out to grab a bite to eat and scout the location for his exclusive interview with Oklahoma Representative Charles Key. Upon his return, Lewis found the door to his room ajar. Pushing the door open, he found that the only thing the thieves did not get was his well-hidden camera.
Lewis said, “I barely had time to find the (interview) location and grab some pizza.” It took him only seconds to notice that the burglars made off with his duffel bag, lighting equipment, backpack, which included other small equipment and information, and his laptop. Also stolen was the script and early version of the new film, Don’t Tread On Me, and some extra footage.
A d v e r t i s e m e n t
Gary Franchi, producer and co-writer of the film, commented on the incident, “It is unknown whether or not this was a random or targeted act against the films production but, given the current political climate in America, one tends to wonder.”
The policeman on the scene, Officer Bartel, was very helpful as he went door to door looking for and asking if anyone had seen anything suspicious. The hotel manager was reluctant to allow Lewis to film the rest of the incident, threatening to call the police if Lewis did not hand over the film, but was cooperative in the end, even supportive. “Good thing I keep multiple copies of this stuff and backup everything every few days!” Lewis exclaimed.
Franchi concluded, “Don’t Tread On Me is still on schedule for a spring release and nothing is going to stop it.”
http://www.DontTreadOnMeMovie.com
Research related links
Cameras Stolen from We Are Change in New York
Man Detained for Displaying “Don’t Tread on Me” Bumper Sticker
Pakistan blames US raids for hotel bombing
Writer Detained For Taking Photo Of Sea View Near Bilderberg Hotel
Danish cartoonist hid in ‘panic room’ during attack
National Guard Rents 500-Plus Hotel Rooms For Democratic Convention
Integrating Skype Into the Family TV: Net-connected mic & camera in every living room
Spooks Infest Marriott Hotel As Bilderberg Begins
Pakistan Hotel Suicide Blast Kills 11, Including UN Aid Worker
Luke Rudkowski Framed in “Classic Set-up”
Democrats lock Republicans out of committee room
Black Bloc Provocateurs Set Strasbourg Hotel on Fire
_____________
http://www.calltodecision.com/Tackling%20the%20tough%20topics.htm
_________
http://www.kt70.com/~jamesjpn/articles/john_todd_and_the_illuminati.htm
http://www.kt70.com/~jamesjpn/articles/TAPE1B.pdf
Steve Harvey
From http://www.amazon.com/Act-Like-Lady-Think-Relationships/product-reviews/0061728977/ref=cm_cr_pr_link_7?ie=UTF8&showViewpoints=0&filterBy=addOneStar&pageNumber=7
This book is not for christian women., April 17, 2009
By soliloquy - See all my reviews
Just my two cents.
In my opinion, it matters that he is a comedian because we have to understand the "heart" behind his book and his occupation as a comedian lends us to the reasonable conclusion that the book is as much for entertainment as it is for actual wisdom.
In my opinion, most self-help books are better left on the shelf. If a christian woman needs a self help book, read your bible. That is the ONLY instruction manual on being a good woman or wife that a christian woman needs period. It will tell you how to please God, what to look for in a husband, what to look for in a wife, and the responsiblities of both parties. At the very least if you just have to have a self-help book find one that applies christian standards. Relationships have not failed because God's word is false! Relationships have failed because the parties involved have not followed God's Word as he has set forth.
If you are not a christian, then you are not worried about holding youself to christian standards and so I could not blame a person who claims not to have an affiliation with Christ for reading this book and promoting it more than they promote Proverbs 31.
However, I think it is very questionable for a christian woman to promote this book. We need to be careful of the things we promote so as not to lead someone astray.
Harvey begins his book with "The Mind-Set of a Man."
"No matter if a man is a CEO, a CON, or both, everything he does is filtered through his title (who he is), how he gets that title (what he does), and the reward he gets for that title (how much he makes)."
These things focus on earthly things and should not be the basis of what drives a Christian man. This is certainly not the mindset of my spouse as he puts Christ before his "title" and his family before his ego. This was so even before we married. Again, if you are not a christian, my post is not for you. I'm not judging you and it is not my goal to try and force someone who is not a Christian to "act" like a christian.
I realize that Steve is not speaking in biblical terms however, the very nature of his book and the fact that so many have flocked to it speaks of our fallen wicked reality.
The entire book is satirical in nature and the wisdom in the book does not call men and women to better relationships. They are just commentary which degrade relationships and sex to games and sport.
I also felt like, in the why men do what they do section of the book, that in regards to men it was simplistic and mildly offensive.
It appears the book sees men simply as counterparts to the complex woman. From this excerpt, men can be reduced to primal, sexual creatures:
-a man always wants something. Always. And when it comes to women, [his] plan is always to find out two things: (1) if you're willing to sleep with him, and (2) if you are, how much [relationally/emotionally] it will cost to get you to sleep with him.
I am more comfortable in taking advice from a man who I discern is a man after God's own heart and I urge people to follow after God instead of breaking His commandments to us.
Now, In the "Playbook" (which is the last section of the book), he encourages women to have standards, be forthright with family situations (e.g., if they have kids), be concerned with the maturity and not solely the physical attractiveness of a man, and to be vulnerable. I belive this is true. However, I have issues with how he expresses his ideas, especially his suggestion that sex is and should be a natural part of a dating relationship. Still, out of the entire book, I would consider this the strongest section.
In short, for christians, the devil is always on the job. He uses people unbeknowst to them to do their bad work. He takes a grain of truth and dresses it up in a lie and sells it as if it is the whole truth.
Proverbs 14:12 - There is a way which seemeth right unto a man, but the end thereof are the ways of death.
The fact that it has an ounce of truth (in this book or any other thing in life) cloaked in a lie does not make it the truth. Think of all the women who have broken hearts right now who cannot find a man because of their attitude or because of their choice in men. Instead of turning to God and his Word they turn to Steve Harvey thinking they have found a book that will help them solve their relationship woes. The advice is not sound and not spiritually helpful.
Again, this is for my brothers and sisters in Christ. I just want you to be aware!
Okay, that was more like 1.00 not 2 cents. Sorry for the length of this review
This book is not for christian women., April 17, 2009
By soliloquy - See all my reviews
Just my two cents.
In my opinion, it matters that he is a comedian because we have to understand the "heart" behind his book and his occupation as a comedian lends us to the reasonable conclusion that the book is as much for entertainment as it is for actual wisdom.
In my opinion, most self-help books are better left on the shelf. If a christian woman needs a self help book, read your bible. That is the ONLY instruction manual on being a good woman or wife that a christian woman needs period. It will tell you how to please God, what to look for in a husband, what to look for in a wife, and the responsiblities of both parties. At the very least if you just have to have a self-help book find one that applies christian standards. Relationships have not failed because God's word is false! Relationships have failed because the parties involved have not followed God's Word as he has set forth.
If you are not a christian, then you are not worried about holding youself to christian standards and so I could not blame a person who claims not to have an affiliation with Christ for reading this book and promoting it more than they promote Proverbs 31.
However, I think it is very questionable for a christian woman to promote this book. We need to be careful of the things we promote so as not to lead someone astray.
Harvey begins his book with "The Mind-Set of a Man."
"No matter if a man is a CEO, a CON, or both, everything he does is filtered through his title (who he is), how he gets that title (what he does), and the reward he gets for that title (how much he makes)."
These things focus on earthly things and should not be the basis of what drives a Christian man. This is certainly not the mindset of my spouse as he puts Christ before his "title" and his family before his ego. This was so even before we married. Again, if you are not a christian, my post is not for you. I'm not judging you and it is not my goal to try and force someone who is not a Christian to "act" like a christian.
I realize that Steve is not speaking in biblical terms however, the very nature of his book and the fact that so many have flocked to it speaks of our fallen wicked reality.
The entire book is satirical in nature and the wisdom in the book does not call men and women to better relationships. They are just commentary which degrade relationships and sex to games and sport.
I also felt like, in the why men do what they do section of the book, that in regards to men it was simplistic and mildly offensive.
It appears the book sees men simply as counterparts to the complex woman. From this excerpt, men can be reduced to primal, sexual creatures:
-a man always wants something. Always. And when it comes to women, [his] plan is always to find out two things: (1) if you're willing to sleep with him, and (2) if you are, how much [relationally/emotionally] it will cost to get you to sleep with him.
I am more comfortable in taking advice from a man who I discern is a man after God's own heart and I urge people to follow after God instead of breaking His commandments to us.
Now, In the "Playbook" (which is the last section of the book), he encourages women to have standards, be forthright with family situations (e.g., if they have kids), be concerned with the maturity and not solely the physical attractiveness of a man, and to be vulnerable. I belive this is true. However, I have issues with how he expresses his ideas, especially his suggestion that sex is and should be a natural part of a dating relationship. Still, out of the entire book, I would consider this the strongest section.
In short, for christians, the devil is always on the job. He uses people unbeknowst to them to do their bad work. He takes a grain of truth and dresses it up in a lie and sells it as if it is the whole truth.
Proverbs 14:12 - There is a way which seemeth right unto a man, but the end thereof are the ways of death.
The fact that it has an ounce of truth (in this book or any other thing in life) cloaked in a lie does not make it the truth. Think of all the women who have broken hearts right now who cannot find a man because of their attitude or because of their choice in men. Instead of turning to God and his Word they turn to Steve Harvey thinking they have found a book that will help them solve their relationship woes. The advice is not sound and not spiritually helpful.
Again, this is for my brothers and sisters in Christ. I just want you to be aware!
Okay, that was more like 1.00 not 2 cents. Sorry for the length of this review
Monday, January 11, 2010
Sunday, January 10, 2010
Thursday, January 07, 2010
Wednesday, January 06, 2010
Tuesday, January 05, 2010
ORDER OF INFLUENCE OF THE PAPAL-LOYAL ORDERS
ORDER OF INFLUENCE OF THE PAPAL-LOYAL ORDERS
To recap & to clarify:
I conclude that the order of influential precedence within the Papal-loyal knighthood orders is:
1: The Order of the Golden Fleece - Spanish branch
(Grand Master: Juan Carlos I, King of Spain [Head of the House of Bourbon]).
2: The Order of the Golden Fleece - Austrian branch
(Grand Master: Karl Habsburg-Lothringen, Archduke & Prince (Austria), Prince (Hungary) [Head of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine]).
3: The Order of St Januarius
(Both branches:
* Hispano-Neapolitan [Grand Master: Don Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria];
* Franco-Neapolitan [Grand Master: Prince Carlo, the Duke of Castro].
Note: the Dukes of Calabria & Castro are the disputing Heads of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies).
4: The Constantinian Order
(Both branches:
* Hispano-Neapolitan [Grand Master: Don Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria];
* Franco-Neapolitan [Grand Master: Prince Carlo, the Duke of Castro]).
5: The Order of the Holy Sepulchre
(Grand Master: "Papal Prince" John Cardinal Foley).
6: The Order of Malta
(Grand Master: "Papal Prince" Matthew Cardinal Festing).
7: The Orders of St John:
* English branch: "Sovereign" Head: Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom [Head of the House of Saxe-Coburg & Gotha a.k.a. Windsor];
Grand Prior, Prince Richard, the Duke of Gloucester [also House of Saxe-Coburg & Gotha a.k.a. Windsor];
* Dutch branch: Honorary Commander: Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands [Head of the House of Orange-Nassau];
* Swedish branch: High Protector: Carl XVI Gustav, King of Sweden [Head of the House of Bernadotte];
* German branch: Master: Oskar, Prince of Prussia [House of Hohenzollern - although not the Head of that House, which is Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia].
- TS
Reality Research Resource
http://troyspace2.wordpress.com
To recap & to clarify:
I conclude that the order of influential precedence within the Papal-loyal knighthood orders is:
1: The Order of the Golden Fleece - Spanish branch
(Grand Master: Juan Carlos I, King of Spain [Head of the House of Bourbon]).
2: The Order of the Golden Fleece - Austrian branch
(Grand Master: Karl Habsburg-Lothringen, Archduke & Prince (Austria), Prince (Hungary) [Head of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine]).
3: The Order of St Januarius
(Both branches:
* Hispano-Neapolitan [Grand Master: Don Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria];
* Franco-Neapolitan [Grand Master: Prince Carlo, the Duke of Castro].
Note: the Dukes of Calabria & Castro are the disputing Heads of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies).
4: The Constantinian Order
(Both branches:
* Hispano-Neapolitan [Grand Master: Don Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria];
* Franco-Neapolitan [Grand Master: Prince Carlo, the Duke of Castro]).
5: The Order of the Holy Sepulchre
(Grand Master: "Papal Prince" John Cardinal Foley).
6: The Order of Malta
(Grand Master: "Papal Prince" Matthew Cardinal Festing).
7: The Orders of St John:
* English branch: "Sovereign" Head: Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom [Head of the House of Saxe-Coburg & Gotha a.k.a. Windsor];
Grand Prior, Prince Richard, the Duke of Gloucester [also House of Saxe-Coburg & Gotha a.k.a. Windsor];
* Dutch branch: Honorary Commander: Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands [Head of the House of Orange-Nassau];
* Swedish branch: High Protector: Carl XVI Gustav, King of Sweden [Head of the House of Bernadotte];
* German branch: Master: Oskar, Prince of Prussia [House of Hohenzollern - although not the Head of that House, which is Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia].
- TS
Reality Research Resource
http://troyspace2.wordpress.com
Monday, January 04, 2010
Sunday, January 03, 2010
Fertility Agents
From http://web.archive.org/web/20041209073729/www.inoohr.org/fertilitycontrolagents.htm
Fertility Control Agents
Jaffe, proposal 5: fertility control-agents to be added to water supplies
Berelson, proposal B1: mass use of fertility control agents... in water supplies in urban areas or staple food
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Drugs and personal care products that are excreted from or washed off the body naturally end up in the sewage that flows into sewer systems and septic tanks, but where do they go from there? Scientists are beginning to monitor the extent of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in the aquatic environment and their consequences. What they're finding is that, through leaching from septic tanks and escaping intact through sewage treatment processes, some of these substances are ending up back in the drinking water.
Germany has been at the forefront of PPCP monitoring. Studies conducted there during the past 10 years confirmed the presence of PPCPs in treated and untreated sewage effluent, surface water, groundwater, and drinking water. Most commonly found were anti-inflammatory and pain-killing drugs, cholesterol-lowering drugs, anticonvulsants, and sex hormones from oral contraceptives. Samples from 40 German rivers and streams turned up residues of 31 different PPCPs, according to a report presented at the March 2000 American Chemical Society meeting in San Francisco, California, by Thomas Ternes, a chemist at the Institute for Water Research and Water Technology in Wiesbaden.
Researchers worldwide have discovered more than 60 different PPCPs in water sources, according to Christian Daughton, chief of the Environmental Chemistry Branch of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Environmental Sciences Division in Las Vegas, Nevada. In addition to the drugs noted above, the list includes antineoplastics, beta-blockers, bronchodilators, lipid regulators, hypnotics, antibiotics, antiseptics, X-ray contrast agents, sunscreen agents, caffeine, and fragrances such as synthetic musks. Most PPCPs are detected at concentrations ranging from parts per trillion to parts per billion, and originate in treated and untreated sewage, says Daughton, who coauthored an article on PPCPs in the December 1999 issue of EHP Supplements.
North American researchers are just beginning to look at the issue of PPCPs. Studies presented at the June 2000 Emerging Issues Conference sponsored by the National Ground Water Association, held in Minneapolis, Minnesota, indicate that the problem exists here, too. For example, environmental scientist Chris Metcalfe of Trent University in Peterborough, Ontario, detected the drugs aspirin, ibuprofen, indomethacin, bezafibrate (a cholesterol regulator), and carbamazepine (an anticonvulsant) in 10 pre- and post-treatment samples from sewage treatment plants in eastern Canada. The sewage treatment process in place removed some drugs that were easily biodegradable or more amenable to removal by activated charcoal, degradative microbes, or sand filtration, but others were resistant to degradation.
Metcalfe is just beginning to analyze the effects of cholesterol-lowering drugs, estrogens, and anticonvulsants on fish in the Great Lakes. All three drug types can potentially interfere with normal reproduction and development in fish living downstream from sewage treatment plants. His laboratory studies show that estrogen compounds at parts-per-trillion exposures feminize male fish and disrupt the development of the circulatory system, eyes, and bladder. He says it's too soon to know whether PPCPs adversely affect wild fish populations.
In one of the first studies in the United States to report the occurrence of drugs in drinking water, environmental engineer Glen Boyd had his students at Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana, sample water from the Mississippi River, a local lake, and city tap water. Their preliminary experiment targeted the pain reliever naproxen, the sex hormone estrone, and clofibric acid, a major bioactive metabolite from certain anticholesterol drugs. All three were detected at varying concentrations in most of the samples. "The big unknown," says Boyd, "[is whether PPCPs] present a health concern now or in the future." He notes that, although the number of peer-reviewed papers on the topic is limited, government agencies concerned with water quality in the United States and professional organizations serving the water and wastewater communities are beginning to acknowledge PPCPs as an emerging environmental issue.
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Gender Reversal
Chinook Salmon Changing Sex, Perhaps Due to Stress
The Associated Press
L E W I S T O N, Idaho, Dec. 15 — Researchers from the University of Idaho and Washington State University have uncovered a troubling case of sex reversal in several fall chinook salmon from the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River.
Genetic samples taken from the 1999 return of wild chinook there show 80 percent of the females tested began life as males.
The discovery may help researchers determine at least one of reasons wild salmon populations have suffered dramatic declines in the Northwest. Ironically, the fall chinook run in the Hanford Reach is one of the strongest in the Columbia River Basin.
The Hanford Reach is a stretch of natural flow of the Columbia River along the Hanford Nuclear Reservation.
Hormones and Water Temperature
The study, led by University of Idaho zoology professor James J. Nagler, was published in today’s issue of Environmental Health Perspectives, a journal of the National Institute Environmental Health Sciences.
Nagler and his partner, Gary Thorgaard, director of Washington State University’s Biological Sciences Department, have ruled out radiation as a cause for the gender reversal.
According to Nagler and a University of Idaho news release, tests conducted on Hanford Reach fall chinook showed most of the females tested had genetic markers found only in males.
“There is a potential at least for this to have significant effects on the population,” Nagler said. “If this is occurring every year, it’s going to reduce the number of females.”
Could Reduce Females
But Nagler stressed that the finding could be an isolated event and never happen again. He plans to continue testing the salmon there and elsewhere to determine if the phenomenon is widespread or isolated.
Scientists have been able to induce gender changes in developing fish eggs for more than 30 years. Experiments in Thorgaard’s laboratory have induced sex changes in trout embryos by exposing them to hormones and a study in Canada showed fluctuating water temperatures can alter the sex of developing sockeye salmon.
Although it has never been known to happen in nature, Nagler said water temperature fluctuations caused by hydroelectric dams could be responsible for the gender-reversed females he observed in the Hanford Reach.
Altered females, which begin life as males, carry both an X and Y chromosome that normally signifies a male. But the fish possess all the physical characteristics of females and are able to produce eggs and spawn.
Nagler said about one half of the eggs that these altered females produce carry a Y chromosome. Those that are fertilized with sperm also carrying a Y chromosome will produce a so-called super male.
If super males carrying two Y chromosomes survive and return to spawn in 2003, their sperm would all have Y chromosomes and all of their offspring would be male. If that happens, generation after generation, it could lead to a shortage of females and cause a plunge in the population.
The researchers also tested chinook from the Priest Rapids Fish Hatchery and from Dworshak National Fish Hatchery at Ahsahka and found no evidence of gender-reversed females.
Nagler said the next step is to monitor the Hanford Reach chinook and determine if the phenomenon is recurring.
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CONTAMINATION of water by the contraceptive pill is changing the sex of male fish and may be making Englishmen less fertile, new evidence reveals.Fears over the "gender bender" effect of pollution, arose after Environment Agency research showed that half of all the male fish in low-lying English rivers are changing sex as a result of water pollution.The source of contamination is believed to be urine from tens of thousands of women who use the contraceptive pill.The government-funded research showed that an "exquisitely potent" form of the female hormone oestrogen, found in the urine of women taking contraceptive pills, was contaminating English rivers - source of one-third of the country's drinking water.Male fish are developing female characteristics in many of those rivers.Only minute traces of the biochemical result in dramatic biological effects."In some stretches, all the male fish have been feminised," says the report.The Environment Agency's revelations, due to be published later this month, may explain the steep fall in sperm counts among Englishmen in recent decades."Danger to human fertility cannot be ruled out," said opposition Conservative environment spokesman Peter Ainsworth.Professor Charles Tyler of Exeter University, one of the research team's leaders, said the oestrogen was so powerful that even undetectable levels could have an effect."So we cannot be sure that some of these compounds, albeit of very low concentrations, aren't getting into our drinking water," the paper quoted him as saying.The reality could be even worse.Water filtration systems taking drinking water from rivers are excellent for clearing it of bacteria but often cannot remove complex chemical compounds.This makes it more than likely that sex-changing chemicals are making their way into domestic drinking-water supply.
(03/17/2002) Scientists suspect pollution by an "exquisitely potent" synthetic form of estrogen used in birth control pills is responsible for British government findings that half of the male fish in the country's lowland rivers have eggs developing in their testes or other forms of intersex development. Half of all the male fish in Britain's lowland rivers are changing sex as a result of pollution, alarming new official research suggests. The findings raise serious questions as to whether the pollution is getting into drinking water and affecting human fertility. The research - to be published by Britain's Environment Agency - shows that male fish are developing female characteristics in rivers all over the country. In some stretches all the male fish have been feminised.
The research, financed by the Department of Environment Food and Rural Affairs and the official Natural Environment Research Council, examined roach fish from 10 rivers over the past five years. They found feminised "intersex" males in all of them - the rivers Lea in Hertfordshire (from which London takes much of its drinking water), Blackwater in Essex, Arun in West Sussex, Avon in Bristol, Rea in Shropshire, Wreake in Leicestershire, Nene in the East Midlands, Ouse in North Yorkshire and Aire and Calder in West Yorkshire.
The study found that, on average, just under 50 per cent of the male fish had developed eggs in their testes, and/or female reproductive ducts - a finding they believe is likely to be typical of roach and other species of fish all over the country. In stretches of the Aire and Nene all the male fish were affected in this way, and even in relatively unpolluted waters 7 to 8 per cent were affected.
The fish did not change back after being put into clean water, suggesting that the changes were permanent. About one tenth of the male fish were sterile, and about another quarter had damaged sperm.
(04/16/2002) Study find exposure to commonly used pesticide Atrazine - even at levels 30 times lower than U.S. EPA considers safe in drinking water - causes severe sexual abnormalities, including hermaphroditism, in male frogs. Atrazine, a top selling weed killer in the United States and the world, has been found to dramatically affect the sexual development of male frogs, turning them into hermaphrodites - creatures with both male and female organs - at concentrations 30 times lower than those deemed safe by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). "I was very much surprised," at the impact of atrazine on developing frogs, said Tyrone B. Hayes of the University of California at Berkeley. "What struck us as unbelievable was that atrazine could cause such dramatic effects at such low levels."
"If you take five grains of salt, divide this weight by five thousand, that is the amount of atrazine that causes these abnormalities," added Hayes." Atrazine is the most commonly used weed killer in North America, he said, and can be found in rainwater, snow runoff and ground water. "There is virtually no atrazine-free environment," Hayes said, who noted that the herbicide has been used for 40 years in over 80 countries.
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Effects of Estrogen on People
Problems for People
Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals has "potentially serious consequences" for humans, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Although connections have not yet been clearly drawn between cause and effect, some scientists speculate that recent trends in human health--including early puberty, reduced sperm count, and increased incidence of cancer of the breast, prostate, and testicles--are connected to the endocrine-disrupting molecules each of us encounters in the water we drink, the food we eat, the cosmetics we use, and the plastics that pervade our lives. Environmental endocrine disruptors are also being implicated in neurological and behavioral problems such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Some of the evidence:
• Children of women who ate rice oil laced with PCBs in 1968 and 1979 had low IQ, delayed development, and activity disorders. Boys had abnormally small penises.
• Researchers found that children of women who ate a lot of Great Lakes fish had an unusually high incidence of behavioral and other nervous system problems.
• A study of men exposed to the pesticide kepone at work showed they had unusually low sperm counts.
• A recent report noted that adults exposed to large quantities of PCBs from Great Lakes fish had more learning and memory troubles than did other adults.
Males
(03/17/2002) Scientists becoming increasingly convinced pollution by hormone-disrupting chemicals is to blame for the dramatic decline in sperm counts in industrialized countries over the last 50 years; decline is continuing at the rate of 2% every year and the average man now has only about 1/3 as much sperm as a hamster. Sperm counts are falling dramatically across Britain and the rest of industrialised world, and scientists are increasingly convinced that pollution by hormone-disrupting chemicals is to blame. Studies around the world have shown that average sperm counts in men have dropped almost 60% over the past 50 years - from about 160 million per millilitre of semen to 66 million.
The Medical Research Council reports that the fertility of Scottish men born since 1970 was 25 percent less than those born in the 1950s, with sperm counts continuing to drop by two percent a year. Other research by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency shows that, proportionately, a man now produce only about a third as much sperm as a hamster.
Scientists increasingly blame a whole class of hormone-disrupting chemicals. Evidence suggests that they cause cancer and damage the immune system, as well as impairing fertility. And they are ever more ubiquitous.
DDT and other pesticides disrupt hormones, as do PCBs, used in countless products worldwide, from plastics and paint to electrical equipment. Other components of plastics have been found to leach hormone-disrupters including phthalates, which have been found in a wide range of foods including baby milk. Furthermore, research by the British Environment Agency shows that artificial oestrogens, used in contraceptive pills and emitted through sewage works, appear to be changing the sex of half the fish in Britain's lowland rivers.
Scientists and environmentalists fear that the powerful chemicals are getting into drinking water and affecting human fertility. One third of Britain's drinking water comes from rivers; most of it is taken from below sewage works. The Environment Agency denies that there is any danger. Water UK, which represents the water companies, says that no hormone-disrupting chemical has ever been detected in British drinking water, and that fish placed in the water to test it did not become feminised.
But scientists say that the chemicals may not have been detected because there is no routine testing for them in drinking water and because the equipment used in Britain is not sensitive enough. Research at the University of Ulm, in West Germany, using more sophisticated techniques, found small amounts in four out of every 10 samples tested.
Scientists and environmentalists fear that the effects of hormone-disrupting chemicals in people may occur over much longer periods than those used to test the fish. Dr. Susan Jobling of Brunel University, who led the research, says: "Unlike in fish, it is going to take 20 years to see if my children have been affected by developmental exposure to this same cocktail of chemicals."
British men are less fertile than hamsters
Pollution may be to blame for collapse in sperm counts in industrialised world
By Geoffrey Lean and Richard Sadler
17 March 2002
Sperm counts are falling dramatically across Britain and the rest of industrialised world, and scientists are increasingly convinced that pollution is to blame.
Studies around the world have shown that average sperm counts in men have dropped by more than half over the past 50 years – from about 160 million per millilitre of semen to 66 million.
The Medical Research Council reports that the fertility of Scottish men born since 1970 was 25 per cent less than those born in the 1950s, with sperm counts continuing to drop by two per cent a year.
Other research by the US Government's Environmental Protection Agency shows that, proportionately, a man now produce only about a third as much sperm as a hamster.
Scientists increasingly blame a whole class of hormone-disrupting chemicals. Evidence suggests that they cause cancer and damage the immune system, as well as impairing fertility. And they are ever more ubiquitous.
DDT and other pesticides disrupt hormones, as do PCBs, used in countless products worldwide, from plastics and paint to electrical equipment.
Other components of plastics have been found to leach hormone-disrupters including phthalates, which have been found in a wide range of foods including baby milk.
Furthermore, an investigation by the BBC's Countryfile and The Independent on Sunday has revealed research, to be published this month, that shows that artificial oestrogens, used in contraceptive pills and emitted through sewage works, appear to be changing the sex of half the fish in Britain's lowland rivers.
Scientists and environmentalists fear that the powerful chemicals are getting into drinking water and affecting human fertility. One third of Britain's drinking water comes from rivers; most of it is taken from below sewage works.
The Environment Agency denies that there is any danger. Water UK, which represents the water companies, says that no hormone-disrupting chemical has ever been detected in British drinking water, and that fish placed in the water to test it did not become feminised.
But some scientists say that the chemicals may not have been detected, because there is no routine testing for them in drinking water, and because the equipment used in Britain is not sensitive enough.
Research at the University of Ulm, in West Germany, using more sophisticated techniques, found small amounts in four out of every 10 samples tested. And environmentalists fear that effects in people may occur over much longer periods than those used to test the fish.
Dr Susan Jobling of Brunel University, who led the research, says: "Unlike in fish, it is going to take 20 years to see if my children have been affected by developmental exposure to this same cocktail of chemicals."
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The male ERKO mice are infertile and upon histological examination they show seminiferous tubular swelling and loss of spermatogenesis. The sperm made in the testes of these animals are non-functional. The testicular LH and FSH receptors are up-regulated, but gonadotropin levels are normal. ERb persists in the ERKO mice, showing that there is no interrelationship between expression of the two ER types.
Seminal vesicle and epididymis weights of the mice are normal, indicating that androgen action is not compromised. The hypothalamic-pituitary level appears to adapt to the lack of estrogen action by maintaining or developing responsiveness to negative feedback effect to DHT, which is not seen in normal male mice. Hence the neuroendocrine regulation of gonadotropin secretion in the ERKO mice is reprogrammed.
As regards sexual behavior, the ERKO mice have normal amount of mountings but lower number of intromissions and ejaculations. The level of aggression of the ERKO males is also suppressed. Moreover, the bone density of the ERKO mice is suppressed.
(01/29/2002) Study finds that men who eat Great Lakes fish contaminated with toxic, hormone-disrupting chemicals such as PCBs father a disproportionately high number of boys. Men who eat fish from the Great Lakes, which are laced with such toxic industrial chemicals as PCBs, conceive a disproportionately high number of sons, according to new research.
The strange effect that PCBs seem to have on sex ratios is poorly understood, but is too significant to pass off as mere coincidence, said Wilfried Karmaus, a professor of epidemiology at the University of Michigan. He suggested the effect might be due to a disruption of hormone levels in the male reproductive system, which has been documented in other, more severe cases of PCB exposure.
Karmaus followed nearly 400 families who regularly ate various fish - walleye, carp, salmon, trout, among others - they caught in Lake Michigan. Of the 208 children born to the men with the highest PCB content in their blood, 57% of them were boys. This figure is statistically far higher than the worldwide average sex ratio in which about 52% of newborns are male.
Strangely, the mother's exposure to PCBs had no significant effect on sex ratios, despite the close physiological contact between mother and fetus. Karmaus said the phenomenon of skewed birth rates is likely mirrored in fishermen on each of the Great Lakes.
"Being a boy is not a disease," said Karmaus, the lead researcher on the report in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, "but we can show that there are some health effects on human reproduction from PCBs."
PCBs are among a number of environmental contaminants that have plagued the Great Lakes for years. They can come from any number of sources, including hydraulic fluids and oils, electrical capacitors and transformers, and as a by-product of paper mills that dot the shoreline.
PCBs, or polychlorinated biphenyls, were in wide industrial use from the 1930s to the 1970s, figuring as ingredients in paints, caulking and electrical coolants and insulators. Concern about their toxic effects led to a continent-wide ban on importing and producing PCBs in 1977, but the persistent chemicals decompose at such a slow rate that they are still found at dangerous levels in Great Lakes fish.
The Ontario Ministry of the Environment has issued specific warnings about PCBs in fish and their harmful effects on expectant mothers, but their guide to edible sport fish does not mention effects on male reproductive health.
The explanation for the skewed birth rate around Lake Michigan is probably hormonal, Karmaus said, but PCBs may also have some as-yet-unknown toxicological effect on the male fetus, which is known to be more fragile than the female.
(But what physical and mental changes will be found in these boys?)
Females
Increasingly, parents are asking doctors to put the brakes on puberty. That's because girls are developing sexually at younger ages and treatment is available to suppress it.
A landmark study of more than 17,000 girls published three years ago reported that black girls, on average, experience the first signs of puberty between ages 8 and 9. White girls undergo those physical changes by age 10. That's two years earlier for black girls and one year earlier for white girls than previous studies had reported.
For many mothers and fathers, that's far too soon.
"My clinic is full of parents who are worried when they see their little girls are developing breasts or pubic hair," said pediatric endocrinologist Kenneth C. Copeland, M.D., professor of pediatrics at University of Oklahoma Health Science Center.
Early puberty appears to be less common in boys, and when it does occur, it's frequently not diagnosed until it's too late to be treated.
For girls, the physical changes can be both dramatic and traumatic, including mood swings, headaches, development of breasts, and growth of pubic and body hair.
Parents are seeking treatment for their daughters for myriad reasons, including psychosocial ones. Some of them worry that by developing physically too soon, their daughters will have to face teasing from peers and unwanted attention from older males.
Others think "something might be wrong because their daughter is younger than they remember being at that stage of development," said Janice D. Key, M.D., associate professor of pediatrics and director of adolescent medicine at Medical University of South Carolina. "They're concerned that the child is not ready to be a teenager. Parents are saying, 'Slow this down, doc'."
Injections of Lupron, a hormone-suppressing drug originally approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1985 for treatment of prostate cancer, can fend off puberty in children who develop prematurely. The drug, which costs about $6,000 to $10,000 a year, received approval for use in treating precocious puberty in 1993. But medical intervention raises a host of ethical, social and health issues.
Puberty can begin at 8 in girls
Children grow up too fast, many parents say. And preliminary results of a 'Children of the Nineties' study suggest that they may be growing up even faster than we know. The researchers found that one in six girls in Britain are showing signs of puberty as early as age 8.
'I feel that the proportion of young girls who have started early signs of puberty by the age of 8 is important--as this reveals a need for parents and teachers to be aware of the special information that should be available to these children,' study director Professor Jean Golding of the University of Bristol, UK, quoted.
Golding's findings are based on a sample of 630 girls who were born in 1991 and 1992--a small segment of the 14,000 youth involved in the Children of the Nineties study. Also known as the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, the ongoing research project carried out at Bristol University's Institute of Child Health is 'aimed at identifying those factors in the environment that may or may not interact with the genetic predisposition of a child to influence (his or her) health and development,' Golding explained.
One in six of the 630 girls showed early signs of puberty, in contrast to only 1 in 100 eight-year-old girls a generation ago, according to a BBC report. This may seem to suggest that girls are maturing much faster in recent years but Goldman stresses that this may not be the case.
Also, 1 in 14 eight-year-old boys had pubic hair, in contrast to 1 in 150 boys of the previous generation.
'I think that at the moment, although we assume that this is faster than previously, we don't have clear evidence of this,' she stated. 'If, however, the girls are really maturing faster, there are a number of possible explanations, that all are only suggestions at the moment,' she speculated. 'One is that nourishment is better and that children are putting on more weight which may in its turn encourage the body to assume maturation is taking place.'
According to the BBC, the report is the first study of puberty in Britain since 1969.
home
Fertility Control Agents
Jaffe, proposal 5: fertility control-agents to be added to water supplies
Berelson, proposal B1: mass use of fertility control agents... in water supplies in urban areas or staple food
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Drugs and personal care products that are excreted from or washed off the body naturally end up in the sewage that flows into sewer systems and septic tanks, but where do they go from there? Scientists are beginning to monitor the extent of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in the aquatic environment and their consequences. What they're finding is that, through leaching from septic tanks and escaping intact through sewage treatment processes, some of these substances are ending up back in the drinking water.
Germany has been at the forefront of PPCP monitoring. Studies conducted there during the past 10 years confirmed the presence of PPCPs in treated and untreated sewage effluent, surface water, groundwater, and drinking water. Most commonly found were anti-inflammatory and pain-killing drugs, cholesterol-lowering drugs, anticonvulsants, and sex hormones from oral contraceptives. Samples from 40 German rivers and streams turned up residues of 31 different PPCPs, according to a report presented at the March 2000 American Chemical Society meeting in San Francisco, California, by Thomas Ternes, a chemist at the Institute for Water Research and Water Technology in Wiesbaden.
Researchers worldwide have discovered more than 60 different PPCPs in water sources, according to Christian Daughton, chief of the Environmental Chemistry Branch of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Environmental Sciences Division in Las Vegas, Nevada. In addition to the drugs noted above, the list includes antineoplastics, beta-blockers, bronchodilators, lipid regulators, hypnotics, antibiotics, antiseptics, X-ray contrast agents, sunscreen agents, caffeine, and fragrances such as synthetic musks. Most PPCPs are detected at concentrations ranging from parts per trillion to parts per billion, and originate in treated and untreated sewage, says Daughton, who coauthored an article on PPCPs in the December 1999 issue of EHP Supplements.
North American researchers are just beginning to look at the issue of PPCPs. Studies presented at the June 2000 Emerging Issues Conference sponsored by the National Ground Water Association, held in Minneapolis, Minnesota, indicate that the problem exists here, too. For example, environmental scientist Chris Metcalfe of Trent University in Peterborough, Ontario, detected the drugs aspirin, ibuprofen, indomethacin, bezafibrate (a cholesterol regulator), and carbamazepine (an anticonvulsant) in 10 pre- and post-treatment samples from sewage treatment plants in eastern Canada. The sewage treatment process in place removed some drugs that were easily biodegradable or more amenable to removal by activated charcoal, degradative microbes, or sand filtration, but others were resistant to degradation.
Metcalfe is just beginning to analyze the effects of cholesterol-lowering drugs, estrogens, and anticonvulsants on fish in the Great Lakes. All three drug types can potentially interfere with normal reproduction and development in fish living downstream from sewage treatment plants. His laboratory studies show that estrogen compounds at parts-per-trillion exposures feminize male fish and disrupt the development of the circulatory system, eyes, and bladder. He says it's too soon to know whether PPCPs adversely affect wild fish populations.
In one of the first studies in the United States to report the occurrence of drugs in drinking water, environmental engineer Glen Boyd had his students at Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana, sample water from the Mississippi River, a local lake, and city tap water. Their preliminary experiment targeted the pain reliever naproxen, the sex hormone estrone, and clofibric acid, a major bioactive metabolite from certain anticholesterol drugs. All three were detected at varying concentrations in most of the samples. "The big unknown," says Boyd, "[is whether PPCPs] present a health concern now or in the future." He notes that, although the number of peer-reviewed papers on the topic is limited, government agencies concerned with water quality in the United States and professional organizations serving the water and wastewater communities are beginning to acknowledge PPCPs as an emerging environmental issue.
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Gender Reversal
Chinook Salmon Changing Sex, Perhaps Due to Stress
The Associated Press
L E W I S T O N, Idaho, Dec. 15 — Researchers from the University of Idaho and Washington State University have uncovered a troubling case of sex reversal in several fall chinook salmon from the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River.
Genetic samples taken from the 1999 return of wild chinook there show 80 percent of the females tested began life as males.
The discovery may help researchers determine at least one of reasons wild salmon populations have suffered dramatic declines in the Northwest. Ironically, the fall chinook run in the Hanford Reach is one of the strongest in the Columbia River Basin.
The Hanford Reach is a stretch of natural flow of the Columbia River along the Hanford Nuclear Reservation.
Hormones and Water Temperature
The study, led by University of Idaho zoology professor James J. Nagler, was published in today’s issue of Environmental Health Perspectives, a journal of the National Institute Environmental Health Sciences.
Nagler and his partner, Gary Thorgaard, director of Washington State University’s Biological Sciences Department, have ruled out radiation as a cause for the gender reversal.
According to Nagler and a University of Idaho news release, tests conducted on Hanford Reach fall chinook showed most of the females tested had genetic markers found only in males.
“There is a potential at least for this to have significant effects on the population,” Nagler said. “If this is occurring every year, it’s going to reduce the number of females.”
Could Reduce Females
But Nagler stressed that the finding could be an isolated event and never happen again. He plans to continue testing the salmon there and elsewhere to determine if the phenomenon is widespread or isolated.
Scientists have been able to induce gender changes in developing fish eggs for more than 30 years. Experiments in Thorgaard’s laboratory have induced sex changes in trout embryos by exposing them to hormones and a study in Canada showed fluctuating water temperatures can alter the sex of developing sockeye salmon.
Although it has never been known to happen in nature, Nagler said water temperature fluctuations caused by hydroelectric dams could be responsible for the gender-reversed females he observed in the Hanford Reach.
Altered females, which begin life as males, carry both an X and Y chromosome that normally signifies a male. But the fish possess all the physical characteristics of females and are able to produce eggs and spawn.
Nagler said about one half of the eggs that these altered females produce carry a Y chromosome. Those that are fertilized with sperm also carrying a Y chromosome will produce a so-called super male.
If super males carrying two Y chromosomes survive and return to spawn in 2003, their sperm would all have Y chromosomes and all of their offspring would be male. If that happens, generation after generation, it could lead to a shortage of females and cause a plunge in the population.
The researchers also tested chinook from the Priest Rapids Fish Hatchery and from Dworshak National Fish Hatchery at Ahsahka and found no evidence of gender-reversed females.
Nagler said the next step is to monitor the Hanford Reach chinook and determine if the phenomenon is recurring.
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CONTAMINATION of water by the contraceptive pill is changing the sex of male fish and may be making Englishmen less fertile, new evidence reveals.Fears over the "gender bender" effect of pollution, arose after Environment Agency research showed that half of all the male fish in low-lying English rivers are changing sex as a result of water pollution.The source of contamination is believed to be urine from tens of thousands of women who use the contraceptive pill.The government-funded research showed that an "exquisitely potent" form of the female hormone oestrogen, found in the urine of women taking contraceptive pills, was contaminating English rivers - source of one-third of the country's drinking water.Male fish are developing female characteristics in many of those rivers.Only minute traces of the biochemical result in dramatic biological effects."In some stretches, all the male fish have been feminised," says the report.The Environment Agency's revelations, due to be published later this month, may explain the steep fall in sperm counts among Englishmen in recent decades."Danger to human fertility cannot be ruled out," said opposition Conservative environment spokesman Peter Ainsworth.Professor Charles Tyler of Exeter University, one of the research team's leaders, said the oestrogen was so powerful that even undetectable levels could have an effect."So we cannot be sure that some of these compounds, albeit of very low concentrations, aren't getting into our drinking water," the paper quoted him as saying.The reality could be even worse.Water filtration systems taking drinking water from rivers are excellent for clearing it of bacteria but often cannot remove complex chemical compounds.This makes it more than likely that sex-changing chemicals are making their way into domestic drinking-water supply.
(03/17/2002) Scientists suspect pollution by an "exquisitely potent" synthetic form of estrogen used in birth control pills is responsible for British government findings that half of the male fish in the country's lowland rivers have eggs developing in their testes or other forms of intersex development. Half of all the male fish in Britain's lowland rivers are changing sex as a result of pollution, alarming new official research suggests. The findings raise serious questions as to whether the pollution is getting into drinking water and affecting human fertility. The research - to be published by Britain's Environment Agency - shows that male fish are developing female characteristics in rivers all over the country. In some stretches all the male fish have been feminised.
The research, financed by the Department of Environment Food and Rural Affairs and the official Natural Environment Research Council, examined roach fish from 10 rivers over the past five years. They found feminised "intersex" males in all of them - the rivers Lea in Hertfordshire (from which London takes much of its drinking water), Blackwater in Essex, Arun in West Sussex, Avon in Bristol, Rea in Shropshire, Wreake in Leicestershire, Nene in the East Midlands, Ouse in North Yorkshire and Aire and Calder in West Yorkshire.
The study found that, on average, just under 50 per cent of the male fish had developed eggs in their testes, and/or female reproductive ducts - a finding they believe is likely to be typical of roach and other species of fish all over the country. In stretches of the Aire and Nene all the male fish were affected in this way, and even in relatively unpolluted waters 7 to 8 per cent were affected.
The fish did not change back after being put into clean water, suggesting that the changes were permanent. About one tenth of the male fish were sterile, and about another quarter had damaged sperm.
(04/16/2002) Study find exposure to commonly used pesticide Atrazine - even at levels 30 times lower than U.S. EPA considers safe in drinking water - causes severe sexual abnormalities, including hermaphroditism, in male frogs. Atrazine, a top selling weed killer in the United States and the world, has been found to dramatically affect the sexual development of male frogs, turning them into hermaphrodites - creatures with both male and female organs - at concentrations 30 times lower than those deemed safe by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). "I was very much surprised," at the impact of atrazine on developing frogs, said Tyrone B. Hayes of the University of California at Berkeley. "What struck us as unbelievable was that atrazine could cause such dramatic effects at such low levels."
"If you take five grains of salt, divide this weight by five thousand, that is the amount of atrazine that causes these abnormalities," added Hayes." Atrazine is the most commonly used weed killer in North America, he said, and can be found in rainwater, snow runoff and ground water. "There is virtually no atrazine-free environment," Hayes said, who noted that the herbicide has been used for 40 years in over 80 countries.
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Effects of Estrogen on People
Problems for People
Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals has "potentially serious consequences" for humans, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Although connections have not yet been clearly drawn between cause and effect, some scientists speculate that recent trends in human health--including early puberty, reduced sperm count, and increased incidence of cancer of the breast, prostate, and testicles--are connected to the endocrine-disrupting molecules each of us encounters in the water we drink, the food we eat, the cosmetics we use, and the plastics that pervade our lives. Environmental endocrine disruptors are also being implicated in neurological and behavioral problems such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Some of the evidence:
• Children of women who ate rice oil laced with PCBs in 1968 and 1979 had low IQ, delayed development, and activity disorders. Boys had abnormally small penises.
• Researchers found that children of women who ate a lot of Great Lakes fish had an unusually high incidence of behavioral and other nervous system problems.
• A study of men exposed to the pesticide kepone at work showed they had unusually low sperm counts.
• A recent report noted that adults exposed to large quantities of PCBs from Great Lakes fish had more learning and memory troubles than did other adults.
Males
(03/17/2002) Scientists becoming increasingly convinced pollution by hormone-disrupting chemicals is to blame for the dramatic decline in sperm counts in industrialized countries over the last 50 years; decline is continuing at the rate of 2% every year and the average man now has only about 1/3 as much sperm as a hamster. Sperm counts are falling dramatically across Britain and the rest of industrialised world, and scientists are increasingly convinced that pollution by hormone-disrupting chemicals is to blame. Studies around the world have shown that average sperm counts in men have dropped almost 60% over the past 50 years - from about 160 million per millilitre of semen to 66 million.
The Medical Research Council reports that the fertility of Scottish men born since 1970 was 25 percent less than those born in the 1950s, with sperm counts continuing to drop by two percent a year. Other research by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency shows that, proportionately, a man now produce only about a third as much sperm as a hamster.
Scientists increasingly blame a whole class of hormone-disrupting chemicals. Evidence suggests that they cause cancer and damage the immune system, as well as impairing fertility. And they are ever more ubiquitous.
DDT and other pesticides disrupt hormones, as do PCBs, used in countless products worldwide, from plastics and paint to electrical equipment. Other components of plastics have been found to leach hormone-disrupters including phthalates, which have been found in a wide range of foods including baby milk. Furthermore, research by the British Environment Agency shows that artificial oestrogens, used in contraceptive pills and emitted through sewage works, appear to be changing the sex of half the fish in Britain's lowland rivers.
Scientists and environmentalists fear that the powerful chemicals are getting into drinking water and affecting human fertility. One third of Britain's drinking water comes from rivers; most of it is taken from below sewage works. The Environment Agency denies that there is any danger. Water UK, which represents the water companies, says that no hormone-disrupting chemical has ever been detected in British drinking water, and that fish placed in the water to test it did not become feminised.
But scientists say that the chemicals may not have been detected because there is no routine testing for them in drinking water and because the equipment used in Britain is not sensitive enough. Research at the University of Ulm, in West Germany, using more sophisticated techniques, found small amounts in four out of every 10 samples tested.
Scientists and environmentalists fear that the effects of hormone-disrupting chemicals in people may occur over much longer periods than those used to test the fish. Dr. Susan Jobling of Brunel University, who led the research, says: "Unlike in fish, it is going to take 20 years to see if my children have been affected by developmental exposure to this same cocktail of chemicals."
British men are less fertile than hamsters
Pollution may be to blame for collapse in sperm counts in industrialised world
By Geoffrey Lean and Richard Sadler
17 March 2002
Sperm counts are falling dramatically across Britain and the rest of industrialised world, and scientists are increasingly convinced that pollution is to blame.
Studies around the world have shown that average sperm counts in men have dropped by more than half over the past 50 years – from about 160 million per millilitre of semen to 66 million.
The Medical Research Council reports that the fertility of Scottish men born since 1970 was 25 per cent less than those born in the 1950s, with sperm counts continuing to drop by two per cent a year.
Other research by the US Government's Environmental Protection Agency shows that, proportionately, a man now produce only about a third as much sperm as a hamster.
Scientists increasingly blame a whole class of hormone-disrupting chemicals. Evidence suggests that they cause cancer and damage the immune system, as well as impairing fertility. And they are ever more ubiquitous.
DDT and other pesticides disrupt hormones, as do PCBs, used in countless products worldwide, from plastics and paint to electrical equipment.
Other components of plastics have been found to leach hormone-disrupters including phthalates, which have been found in a wide range of foods including baby milk.
Furthermore, an investigation by the BBC's Countryfile and The Independent on Sunday has revealed research, to be published this month, that shows that artificial oestrogens, used in contraceptive pills and emitted through sewage works, appear to be changing the sex of half the fish in Britain's lowland rivers.
Scientists and environmentalists fear that the powerful chemicals are getting into drinking water and affecting human fertility. One third of Britain's drinking water comes from rivers; most of it is taken from below sewage works.
The Environment Agency denies that there is any danger. Water UK, which represents the water companies, says that no hormone-disrupting chemical has ever been detected in British drinking water, and that fish placed in the water to test it did not become feminised.
But some scientists say that the chemicals may not have been detected, because there is no routine testing for them in drinking water, and because the equipment used in Britain is not sensitive enough.
Research at the University of Ulm, in West Germany, using more sophisticated techniques, found small amounts in four out of every 10 samples tested. And environmentalists fear that effects in people may occur over much longer periods than those used to test the fish.
Dr Susan Jobling of Brunel University, who led the research, says: "Unlike in fish, it is going to take 20 years to see if my children have been affected by developmental exposure to this same cocktail of chemicals."
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The male ERKO mice are infertile and upon histological examination they show seminiferous tubular swelling and loss of spermatogenesis. The sperm made in the testes of these animals are non-functional. The testicular LH and FSH receptors are up-regulated, but gonadotropin levels are normal. ERb persists in the ERKO mice, showing that there is no interrelationship between expression of the two ER types.
Seminal vesicle and epididymis weights of the mice are normal, indicating that androgen action is not compromised. The hypothalamic-pituitary level appears to adapt to the lack of estrogen action by maintaining or developing responsiveness to negative feedback effect to DHT, which is not seen in normal male mice. Hence the neuroendocrine regulation of gonadotropin secretion in the ERKO mice is reprogrammed.
As regards sexual behavior, the ERKO mice have normal amount of mountings but lower number of intromissions and ejaculations. The level of aggression of the ERKO males is also suppressed. Moreover, the bone density of the ERKO mice is suppressed.
(01/29/2002) Study finds that men who eat Great Lakes fish contaminated with toxic, hormone-disrupting chemicals such as PCBs father a disproportionately high number of boys. Men who eat fish from the Great Lakes, which are laced with such toxic industrial chemicals as PCBs, conceive a disproportionately high number of sons, according to new research.
The strange effect that PCBs seem to have on sex ratios is poorly understood, but is too significant to pass off as mere coincidence, said Wilfried Karmaus, a professor of epidemiology at the University of Michigan. He suggested the effect might be due to a disruption of hormone levels in the male reproductive system, which has been documented in other, more severe cases of PCB exposure.
Karmaus followed nearly 400 families who regularly ate various fish - walleye, carp, salmon, trout, among others - they caught in Lake Michigan. Of the 208 children born to the men with the highest PCB content in their blood, 57% of them were boys. This figure is statistically far higher than the worldwide average sex ratio in which about 52% of newborns are male.
Strangely, the mother's exposure to PCBs had no significant effect on sex ratios, despite the close physiological contact between mother and fetus. Karmaus said the phenomenon of skewed birth rates is likely mirrored in fishermen on each of the Great Lakes.
"Being a boy is not a disease," said Karmaus, the lead researcher on the report in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, "but we can show that there are some health effects on human reproduction from PCBs."
PCBs are among a number of environmental contaminants that have plagued the Great Lakes for years. They can come from any number of sources, including hydraulic fluids and oils, electrical capacitors and transformers, and as a by-product of paper mills that dot the shoreline.
PCBs, or polychlorinated biphenyls, were in wide industrial use from the 1930s to the 1970s, figuring as ingredients in paints, caulking and electrical coolants and insulators. Concern about their toxic effects led to a continent-wide ban on importing and producing PCBs in 1977, but the persistent chemicals decompose at such a slow rate that they are still found at dangerous levels in Great Lakes fish.
The Ontario Ministry of the Environment has issued specific warnings about PCBs in fish and their harmful effects on expectant mothers, but their guide to edible sport fish does not mention effects on male reproductive health.
The explanation for the skewed birth rate around Lake Michigan is probably hormonal, Karmaus said, but PCBs may also have some as-yet-unknown toxicological effect on the male fetus, which is known to be more fragile than the female.
(But what physical and mental changes will be found in these boys?)
Females
Increasingly, parents are asking doctors to put the brakes on puberty. That's because girls are developing sexually at younger ages and treatment is available to suppress it.
A landmark study of more than 17,000 girls published three years ago reported that black girls, on average, experience the first signs of puberty between ages 8 and 9. White girls undergo those physical changes by age 10. That's two years earlier for black girls and one year earlier for white girls than previous studies had reported.
For many mothers and fathers, that's far too soon.
"My clinic is full of parents who are worried when they see their little girls are developing breasts or pubic hair," said pediatric endocrinologist Kenneth C. Copeland, M.D., professor of pediatrics at University of Oklahoma Health Science Center.
Early puberty appears to be less common in boys, and when it does occur, it's frequently not diagnosed until it's too late to be treated.
For girls, the physical changes can be both dramatic and traumatic, including mood swings, headaches, development of breasts, and growth of pubic and body hair.
Parents are seeking treatment for their daughters for myriad reasons, including psychosocial ones. Some of them worry that by developing physically too soon, their daughters will have to face teasing from peers and unwanted attention from older males.
Others think "something might be wrong because their daughter is younger than they remember being at that stage of development," said Janice D. Key, M.D., associate professor of pediatrics and director of adolescent medicine at Medical University of South Carolina. "They're concerned that the child is not ready to be a teenager. Parents are saying, 'Slow this down, doc'."
Injections of Lupron, a hormone-suppressing drug originally approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1985 for treatment of prostate cancer, can fend off puberty in children who develop prematurely. The drug, which costs about $6,000 to $10,000 a year, received approval for use in treating precocious puberty in 1993. But medical intervention raises a host of ethical, social and health issues.
Puberty can begin at 8 in girls
Children grow up too fast, many parents say. And preliminary results of a 'Children of the Nineties' study suggest that they may be growing up even faster than we know. The researchers found that one in six girls in Britain are showing signs of puberty as early as age 8.
'I feel that the proportion of young girls who have started early signs of puberty by the age of 8 is important--as this reveals a need for parents and teachers to be aware of the special information that should be available to these children,' study director Professor Jean Golding of the University of Bristol, UK, quoted.
Golding's findings are based on a sample of 630 girls who were born in 1991 and 1992--a small segment of the 14,000 youth involved in the Children of the Nineties study. Also known as the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, the ongoing research project carried out at Bristol University's Institute of Child Health is 'aimed at identifying those factors in the environment that may or may not interact with the genetic predisposition of a child to influence (his or her) health and development,' Golding explained.
One in six of the 630 girls showed early signs of puberty, in contrast to only 1 in 100 eight-year-old girls a generation ago, according to a BBC report. This may seem to suggest that girls are maturing much faster in recent years but Goldman stresses that this may not be the case.
Also, 1 in 14 eight-year-old boys had pubic hair, in contrast to 1 in 150 boys of the previous generation.
'I think that at the moment, although we assume that this is faster than previously, we don't have clear evidence of this,' she stated. 'If, however, the girls are really maturing faster, there are a number of possible explanations, that all are only suggestions at the moment,' she speculated. 'One is that nourishment is better and that children are putting on more weight which may in its turn encourage the body to assume maturation is taking place.'
According to the BBC, the report is the first study of puberty in Britain since 1969.
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From http://www.inoohr.org/plannedparenthood.htm
Planned Parenthood
It is interesting to see how Margaret Sanger and the Planned Parenthood Federation sought to control the World's Population using eugenics into the 1950's. Many claim that 'eugenics' are still desired, though in today's politically correct atmosphere, they must be more careful with their wording. Note the plans they made, and that Mary Calderone (SIECUS) was the medical director of Planned Parenthood Federation from the onset. There is a who's who of names at the bottom of this page, of directors, associates etc.
Planned Parenthood's founder, Margaret Sanger, proposed an "American Baby Code (ABC)," which included the following articles;
"Article 3. A marriage shall in itself give husband and wife only the right to a common household and not the right to parenthood.
Article 4. No woman shall have the legal right to bear a child, and no man shall have the right to become a father, without a permit for parenthood.
Article 6. No permit for parenthood shall be valid for more than one birth."
-- Margaret Sanger. "The American Baby Code." The American Weekly, May 27, 1934, pages 3 and 4. Quoted by Randy Engel during United States Senate hearings entitled "Declaration of U.S. Policy of Population Stabilization By Voluntary Means, 1971." Special Subcommittee on Human Resources of the Committee on Labor & Public Welfare, United States Senate, 92nd Congress, First Session, on S.J.R. 108, August 5, October 5, 8, and 14, and November 3, 1971.
"[Slavs, Latin, and Hebrew immigrants are] human weeds ... a deadweight of human waste ... [Blacks, soldiers, and Jews are a] menace to the race."
"Eugenic sterilization is an urgent need ... We must prevent multiplication of this bad stock."
-- Margaret Sanger, April 1933 Birth Control Review.
Courtesy of NYU
THE PLANNED PARENTHOOD FEDERATION OF AMERICA (1942-1962)
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At a special membership meeting on January 29, 1942, the Birth Control Federation of America (BCFA) changed its name to Planned Parenthood Federation of America (PPFA). The BCFA was established in 1939 through a merger of the American Birth Control League and the Birth Control Clinical Research Bureau engineered by the management firm of John Price Jones, Inc. The name change reflected a redefinition of the organization's goals from family limitation to child spacing. While PPFA continued to function as the largest birth control organization in the country, it sought to position itself as a more mainstream and moderate organization committed to a broad range of programs related to reproductive health.
Under the leadership of National Director D. Kenneth Rose of the John Price Jones Company, the PPFA expanded its programs and services through the 1940s, adding affiliate organizations throughout the country. By the end of the Second World War, the Federation was no longer solely a center for birth control services or a clearing house for contraceptive information but had emerged as a major national health organization. PPFA's programs included a full range of family planning services, including marriage education and counselling, and infertility services. The leadership of PPFA, largely consisting of businessmen and male physicians, endeavored to incorporate its contraceptive services unofficially into regional and national public health programs by emphasizing less politicized aspects, such as child spacing. During the 1950s, the Federation further adjusted its programs and message to appeal to a family-centered, more conservative post-war populace, while continuing to function, through its affiliated clinics, as the most reliable source of contraceptives in the country.>/p>
From 1942 until 1962, the last year of Sanger's active participation in the birth control movement, PPFA concentrated its efforts on strengthening its ties to affiliates, expanding public education programs, and improving its medical and research work. It continued to operate a Negro Service and other rural health projects in the South through the early 1940s and working in conjunction with the Margaret Sanger Research Bureau (MSRB) and regional agencies, tested new contraceptives in the field. PPFA also gave financial assistance to the MSRB in return for the use of research facilities and its participation in cooperative research projects. By 1960, visitors to PPFA centers across the nation numbered over 300,000 per year. That number increased by a third in 1961 when the anovulant pill was introduced in most of the affiliated clinics. However, PPFA was not able to increase the number of its clinics in those years.
PPFA began focusing greater attention on global population issues in the 1950s as new concerns arose over the political, social and cultural implications of over-population in Asia and other parts of the world and became active in international birth control work through its membership in the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF), which Margaret Sanger helped to found in 1952. National interest in population problems, spurred by the Draper report in 1959 (recommending U.S. assistance to foreign governments seeking population reductions), and the 1960 presidential elections, prompted PPFA to devote even more of its resources to international work, enlarge its training programs for visiting foreign doctors, and send field workers outside the U.S.. In 1961, the population-crisis debate, along with funding shortages, convinced PPFA to merge with the World Population Emergency Campaign (WPEC), a citizens' fund-raising organization that grew out of the IPPF-Western Hemisphere Region.
In changing its name to PPFA, the Federation signalled its shift away from Sanger's feminist focus on women's quest for reproductive freedom. Though she objected to the abandonment of birth control", a term she identified in name and spirit as reflective of women's empowerment, and characterized the organization as complacent and overly cautious, Margaret Sanger did agree to serve as the honorary president of PPFA. She also served on the board of directors and, until the mid-1950s, on the Long Range Planning Committee. Sanger still constituted the primary link between the PPFA and many of its major financial contributors. However, her work with PPFA focused largely on efforts to develop an oral contraceptive pill (Sanger helped arrange funding for much of the early research on the anovulant pill) and on PPFA's international work. Not until the mid-1960s did PPFA reassert its primary commitment to championing women's reproductive rights.
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Organizational Structure, Major Departments and Committees:
Affiliates (Membership):
State and local planned parenthood organizations which were certified by the Federation. PPFA required that the constitution, by-laws and policy of an Affiliate organization be consistent with that of the Federation. Each Affiliate appointed two delegates to represent it at all member meetings, including the annual membership meeting. Affiliates received a variety of assistance from the Federation -- depending on their staff size and budgets -- including educational materials, visits from field workers, and program proposals. Rules and regulations governing Affiliate members and the process of affiliation changed periodically and resulted in a fluctuating number of Affiliates. The Federation also encouraged various forms of individual membership.
Board of Directors:
Usually consisted of between 45 and 75 state representatives and directors-at-large who were responsible for the management of the Federation, including the appointment of officers, the adoption of the annual budget, and the supervision of the national director and committees.
Budget and Finance Committee:
Approximately 9 or 10 members, including several officers, directors, and appropriate committee chairman who recommended an annual budget and were responsible for investing the Federation's funds.
Clergymen's Advisory Committee:
National Committee that coordinated relations between PPFA and the religious community. Specifically, the Committee worked with the National Council of Churches, the Central Conference of American Rabbis, and the World Council of Churches, among other groups. The Committee also assisted in developing educational materials and issued public statements on religious support for family planning.
Executive Committee:
Approximately 10 members, usually including directors, several officers, and committee chairman who managed the organization and retained the powers of the Board of Directors between directors' meetings.
Field Committee:
Delegates representing each Affiliate member. The Committee coordinated relations between the Federation and its affiliates, reviewed policies governing affiliation, and recommended new members to the Board of Directors.
Field Department/Field Service:
Field workers primarily visited local committees and state leagues to help improve and develop their programs. The Department also coordinated field work projects such as the Negro Project, and other rural health projects, including work with migrant workers; and supervised committees such as the Clergymen's Committee, the Committee on Work with Negroes, and the Social Work Advisory Committee.
Fund Raising Committee/Campaign Committee:
Approximately 7 members, including the Budget and Finance Committee chairman and officers and directors who coordinated the Federation's annual fund-raising campaign.
Human Fertility:
Published articles about research on contraception, sterility, and other biological aspects of reproduction. The journal was initially published from 1935 until 1939 by the Birth Control Clinical Research Bureau under the title Journal of Contraception. The journal was discontinued in 1945.
Long Range Planning Committee:
Developed the program of the organization, working closely with the other committees, along with providing proposals for revisions to the by-laws and constitution.
Medical Committee:
Medical professionals ranging in number from approximately 12 to 25 who were responsible for developing all phases of the medical program, including formation of medical procedures and policy, the formulation of a research program, and the appointment of a medical director and National Medical Council. The Committee also worked to win the endorsements of and improve relations with national medical organizations.
Medical Council/National Medical Advisory Council:
Considered issues of broad policy and advised the Federation on specific medical problems.
Medical Department:
Under the direction of the Medical Committee and medical director, carried out educational campaigns in medical and nursing schools and public health departments, field demonstrations and testing of new contraceptive products, and the development of educational materials on contraception and infertility, among other work.
National Advisory Council:
A small group of prominent citizens organized to advise PPFA and improve the public image of birth control. The Council was disbanded and replaced by the Medical Advisory Council shortly after the Federation changed its name in 1942.
Nominating Committee:
Approximately 5 members (including at least two directors) who were responsible for nominations to the Board of Directors.
Public Information Department/Publicity/Education:
Provided news releases, scripts, articles, pamphlets, and other educational material for the general public and the press; assisted local committees and state leagues with securing speakers; produced educational films, exhibits and public outreach programs; and handled public relations problems.
Research Committee/Biologic Research Committee/Social Research Committee:
Experts in their field who proposed and helped supervise various research projects, and allocated funds for research conducted outside of the Federation. The research committees also organized symposiums and conferences.
Special Projects Department:
Coordinated the Negro Project (Division of Negro Service) which supervised demonstration projects in black communities in the South, including Berkeley County, North Carolina and Nashville, Tennessee; and worked to publicize health problems of African Americans and the scarcity of contraceptive services in black communities. The Special Projects Department also organized the Clergymen's Committee and supervised the Public Progress Committee, which undertook letter writing campaigns and funded specific programs at the Federation. The Department was phased out in 1943 when its chief administrator, Florence Rose, left the Federation.
Staff and Officers:
A national director, medical director, approximately 9 officers, and a small administrative staff that fluctuated in number. The national director was responsible for the administration, interpretation and development of the Federation's program; for personnel decisions; and for overseeing much of the fund-raising. The medical director was responsible for developing medical programs in accordance with the Medical Committee. The officers generally consisted of an honorary chairman, a chairman of the Board of Directors, president (later changed to chairman), vice presidents (varied in number; later changed to vice chairman), a secretary, and a treasurer.
PPFA's organization structure included many other smaller and short-term committees and councils, including: Annual Meeting, Nurses, Personnel, Post-War, International, By-Laws Revision, Lasker Awards, Travel, Manuals and Policy Revision, Minorities, Directorship, Headquarters, Review, Affiliates, Public Relations, PPFA-MSRB, and Study Committees, among others.
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PPFA Staff, Officers, Board and Select Committee Members:
Abbott, Lois Pennypacker - Board of Directors
Abrams, Ray H. - Board of Directors
Adams, Margaret C. - Board of Directors; Chairman, Field Committee
Aitken, Katharine - Administrative Staff?
Ames, Amyas - Board of Directors
Ammidon, Hoyt - Executive Committee
Anderson, Samuel W. - Board of Directors
Andrews, Mrs. Walter P. - Board of Directors
Arffman, Leo - Assistant Director of Fund-Raising
Armstrong, Mrs. C. Dudley - Board of Directors
Atlee, Elinore - Administrative Staff
Babcock, Caroline Lexow - Board of Directors
Baird, Janet - Public Information Department
Bangs, Catherine Clement - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Lasker Award Committee
Banks, Mrs. Henrine Ward - Board of Directors
Barclay, Elizabeth M. - Board of Directors
Barnes, Carolyn Payne - Secretary; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Barnes, Janet W. - Secretary; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Barstow, Rev. Robbins W. - Board of Directors
Baruch, Margot - Administrative Staff
Bastedo, Helen W. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Nominating Committee; Chairman, Affiliates Relations Committee; Chairman, Fund-Raising Committee
Baum, Margaret Hays - Board of Directors; Chairman, Executive Committee; Chairman, Field Committee
Bean, Lillian - Director of Fund-Raising
Behnke, John A. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Personnel Committee
Bernard, Laura Pincus - Administrative Staff?
Best, Winfield - Assistant to Director; Director, Public Relations/Information and Education
Bigelow, Mrs. Herbert H.- Board of Directors
Blagden, Mabel Whitney - Vice President; Board of Directors
Blair, Virginia - Board of Directors
Blair-Smith, Dallas - Treasurer; Board of Directors
Blaisdell, Mrs. Allen C. - Board of Directors
Blanchard, Mary Hillyer - Field Organizer
Borden, Mrs. Richard - Board of Directors
Breed, Frances - Administrative Staff?
Briggs, Eleanor Morse - Assistant to Director
Broaddus, Mrs. T. Nash - Board of Directors
Browne, Jane C. - Administrative Staff
Brownlee, James F. - Board of Directors
Bruce, John McKamey - Board of Directors
Buchman, Myron I. - Board of Directors
Bunker, Mrs. Arthur - Board of Directors
Burdick, C. Lalor - Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Burke, Helen - Administrative Staff
Cabot, Blake - Director, Public Information Department
Cabot, Henry B. - Board of Directors
Calderone, Mary Steichen - Medical Director
Calhoun, Mrs. Ernest N. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Nominating Committee
Callaway, S. Rodger - Board of Directors; Chairman, Executive Committee
Campbell, Catherine Hartshorn - Secretary; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Campbell, Lorraine Leeson - President; Chairman, Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Canfield, Cass - President; Chairman, Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Canfield, Jane - Board of Directors
Carr, Mrs. Robert A. - Board of Directors
Carroll, ? - Administrative Staff
Cassard, Mrs. Edward - Board of Directors
Chase, Ilka - Board of Directors
Chase, W. Rowell - Board of Directors
Child, ? - Field Organizer
Clark, Mrs. Gaylord Lee - Board of Directors
Clayton, Will L. - Board of Directors
Clisby, Vesta J. - Board of Directors
Coffin, Henry Sloane - Chairman, National Clergymen's Advisory Council
Colgate, Gilbert - Vice President; Treasurer; Board of Directors
Collisi, Harrison S. - Medical Director
Compton, Mrs. Robert - Board of Directors
Condit, Hortense B. ? - Board of Directors
Conry, Mrs. Clifford - Board of Directors
Cook, Charles - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Budget and Finance Committee
Cooper, Nathaniel H. - Chairman, Medical Committee
Copeland, Lammot DuPont - Vice Chairman; Board of Directors
Cowles, Sage F. - Board of Directors
Craig, Mrs. David R. - Board of Directors
Cushman, Howard - Director of Public Relations
Cushman Jr., Mrs. Arthur - Board of Directors
Cutler, Mrs John W. - Board of Directors
Dalrymple, Mrs. John S. - Board of Directors
Darrach, Mrs. William - Board of Directors
Dawson, Mrs. Rapier - Board of Directors
Day, Rufus S. Jr. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee
De Beck, Mrs. William - Board of Directors
Derby, Mrs. William - Board of Directors
Dickinson, Robert Latou - Vice President; Board of Directors
Dixon, Arthur - Board of Directors
Dodge, Eva F. - Associate Medical Director
Draper, William H. Jr. - Vice Chairman; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
DuPont, Katharine L. - Secretary; Board of Directors
DuPont, Pierre S., 3rd - Vice President; Board of Directors
Eastman, Nicholson J. - Chairman, National Medical Council
Ecsedy, Marlee M. - Administrative Staff
Elliott, Elmira - Board of Directors
Elting, Victor - Board of Directors
Emerson, Haven - Chairman, National Medical Council
Ettenheim, Mrs. George - Board of Directors
Ewenstein, Janice - Administrative Staff
Fairchild, Henry Pratt - Vice President; Board of Directors
Fansler, John B. - Board of Directors; Vice President
Ferguson, Frances Hand - President; Vice President; Board of Directors; Chairman, Executive Committee; Chairman, International Committee; Chairman, Nominating Committee; Chairman, Field Committee
Ferguson, Mrs. Walter - Board of Directors
Fleet, Mrs. S. Douglas - Board of Directors
Forsling, Elizabeth - Board of Directors
Fox, R. K. Jr. - Board of Directors
Freedheim, Mrs. Eugene H. - Board of Directors; Chairman, By-Laws Committee
French, Mrs. Graham - Board of Directors
Gamble, Clarence James - Board of Directors
Garver, Chauncey B. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Garwood, Miriam F. - Field Service Representative
Gibson, T. K. - Board of Directors
Gill, L. - ?
Gillespie, Mrs. George E. Jr. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Affiliates Committee
Goetting, Betty-Mary - Board of Directors
Goldstein, Rabbi Sidney E. - Board of Directors
Goodhue, Francis A. - Executive Committee; Board of Directors
Gray, Naomi Thomas - Administrative Staff; Field Service Representative
Grubstein, ? - Board of Directors
Guthrie, Molly Danforth - Board of Directors
Guttmacher, Alan F. - President; Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Medical Committee
Guyer, David - Board of Directors
Gwinn, David Marshall - Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Hadley, Katherine Blodgett - Board of Directors; Chairman, Executive Committee; Chairman, Public Information Committee
Hale, Grace - Field Representative
Hamlin, Mrs. Hannibal - Board of Directors
Hampton, Marion - Administrative Staff
Handloser, Mrs. R. F. - Board of Directors
Harris, Mrs. Leon A. Jr. - Board of Directors
Harrison, Mrs. Joseph Jr. - Board of Directors
Harrison, Pauline L. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Hart, Mrs. Lawrence - Board of Directors
Hartman, Carl G. - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Biological Research Committee
Harvey, Dorothy D. - Board of Directors
Hellman, Louis - Board of Directors
Hemingburg, Alphonse - Board of Directors
Henshaw, Paul S. - Director of Research
Herz, Herbert - Executive Committee; Chairman, Budget and Finance Committee
Hessel, Mrs. Sidney A. - Board of Directors
Hildreth, Mrs. H. Rommel - Board of Directors
Hill, Mozell C. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Social Research Committee
Holden, Frederick C. - Vice-president; Executive Committee; Board of Directors
Holladay, Mrs. A. Randolph - Board of Directors
Holland, Jerome H. - Board of Directors
Hommel, Mrs. Carlton L. - Board of Directors
Howland, Nancy - Administrative Staff
Huse, Penelope B. P. - Public Information Department
Ingalls, Mabel S. - Board of Directors
Ives, Kenneth A. - Treasurer; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Jaffe, Frederick S. - Assistant Director, Public Relations/Information and Education Department
Janney, Mrs. L. A. - Board of Directors
Johnson, Mrs. Arthur - Board of Directors
Johnson, Mrs. J. Burlin - Board of Directors
Jones, Eleanor Dwight - Vice President; Board of Directors
Joshel, Vera M. - Administrative Staff
Kammen, ? - Administrative Staff
Katz, Arthur Joel - Executive Committee; Board of Directors
Kelly, Nicholas - Board of Directors
Kennedy, William T. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Medical Committee
Kennedy, Mrs. Donald S. - Board of Directors
Kerns, Rolland E. - Board of Directors
Kingsley, Elizabeth S. - Secretary; Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman
Kinsolving, Rev. Arthur B. - Board of Directors
Kleeman, Richard P. - Board of Directors
Klein, Alice Campbell - Administrative Staff
Kling, L. E. - Medical Director
Knight, Mrs. Richard B. - Board of Directors
Kyle, Richard S. - Executive Committee
Lamont, Florence Haskell Corliss - Board of Directors
Langford, Mary - Field Service Representative
Lasker, Mary Reinhardt - Executive Committee; Secretary; Vice President; Board of Directors; Chairman, Fund-Raising Committee
Latshaw, John - Board of Directors
Lawrence, L. - Board of Directors
Lazarus, Hattie. W. - Board of Directors; Chairman, Nominating Committee
Leake, Chauncey D. - Board of Directors
Leighton, Isabel - Board of Directors
Leiss, Eleanor - Social Work Consultant
LeVan, Katherine - Field Consultant
Levy, Mrs. Robert - Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Lindabury, Mrs. Richard H. - Board of Directors
Lindsay, George N. Jr. - Board of Directors
Lingo, Mrs. Lord - Board of Directors
Lisle, Mrs. Richard W. - Board of Directors
Livingston, Goodhue - Board of Directors
Loop, Mrs. Alan B. - Board of Directors
Lore, ? - Administrative Staff
Loth, David - Director, Public Information Department; Acting National Director
Mackie, Mrs. David I. - Board of Directors
MacLingo, Mrs. William - Board of Directors
Mali, Henry J. - Treasurer; Executive Committee; Board of Directors
Mali, Katharine - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Affiliates Committee
Mallinson, Mrs. Hiram - Board of Directors
Mannheimer, Mrs. Robert E. - Board of Directors
Marsh, Charlotte Delafield - Board of Directors
Martin, Mrs. John B. Jr. - Board of Directors
Masback, Harold E. - Board of Directors
Mauck, Harriett - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Long Range Planning Committee
McCallum, M. E. Revell - Board of Directors
McCarroll, E. Mae - Field Representative, Special Projects Department
McClintock, Beatrice - Board of Directors
McEvoy, Ruth - Board of Directors
McGinley, Sandra M. - Board of Directors
McGreevy, Mrs. Milton W. - Board of Directors
McIntyre, James H. - Field Service Representative
McKinnon, Edna Rankin - Field Service Representative
McLane, Charles M. - Board of Directors; Chairman, Medical Committee
McLaurin, B. F. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee
McPheeters, Mrs. Samuel B. - Board of Directors
Mellon, Mrs. A. E. - Board of Directors
Mendoza, Ofelia - Field Service Representative
Milam, D. F. - National Director; Board of Directors
Miles, Mrs. Rufus E. Jr. - Board of Directors
Miller, Florence - Administrative Staff, Special Projects Department
Miller, Mrs. Harlan - Board of Director
Mills, Leslie - Treasurer; Board of Directors; Chairman, Budget and Finance Committee
Mills, Mrs. Dudley H.- Board of Directors
Mills, Mrs. George S. - Board of Directors
Mills, Mrs. James Paul - Board of Directors
Milmine, Mary P. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Minton, Mrs. Henry M. - Board of Directors
Montgomery, Charlotte - Vice President; Board of Directors; Chairman, Executive Committee
Morain, Lloyd L. - Board of Directors
Morrison, Dean - Board of Directors
Mumm, Louise N. - Director of Field Services
Munsell, Elizabeth - Board of Directors
Myers, Clifford - Director, Public Relations Department
Nelms, Agnese Carter - Board of Directors ; Vice President
Nelson, George I. - Board of Directors
Nelson, Warren Otto - Board of Directors; Chairman, Biological Research Committee
Newkirk, ? - Board of Directors
Nokes, John M. - Board of Directors
Norcross, Mrs. Hiram - Board of Directors
Norton, Roy - Board of Directors
Nuveen, Grace Bennet - Board of Directors
Nuveen, John - Executive Committee
Nyburg, Mrs. Robert S. - Board of Directors
Obre, Henry - Board of Directors
Orr, Robert D. - Board of Directors, Personnel Committee
Peters, Thomas M. - Board of Directors; Chairman Budget and Finance Committee
Phelps, Mrs. Stowe C. - Chairman, Executive Committee; Vice President; Board of Directors; Chairman, Review Committee; Chairman, Nominating Committee
Pierce, Claude C. - Executive Committee; Medical Director
Pierson, Richard N. - President; Board of Directors
Pike, Rev. James - Chairman, Clergymen's Committee
Pillsbury, Eleanor Bellows - President; Vice Chairman; Chairman, Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Fund-Raising Council
Plimpton, Pauline Ames - Board of Directors
Pool, Beekman H. - Assistant Director
Pool, Mrs. Beekman H. - Board of Directors; Chairman, Public Information Committee
Potter, Rose - Executive Committee
Prentice, Miriam - Administrative Staff
Procope, John L. - Board of Directors; Chairman, Minorities Committee
Pugh, Dorothy - Board of Directors
Reid, Ira DeA. - Board of Directors
Renner, Renee - Administrative Staff
Rice, Otis R. - Board of Directors
Rice, Smith - Board of Directors
Richardson, Mark E. - Board of Directors; Chairman, Executive Committee; Treasurer
Riddle, Estelle M. - Board of Directors
Ringrose, A. - Administrative Staff
Robertson, Mrs. N. G. - Board of Directors
Robie, Mrs. Theodore R. - Board of Directors
Rock, John - Board of Directors
Rodman, Julius - Administrative Staff
Rogers, Helen E.? - Board of Directors
Rogers, Maud - Director of Field Service; Acting Director of Fund-Raising
Romberg, Margaret - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Fund-Raising Committee
Roper, Elmo - Board of Directors
Rose, D. Kenneth - National Director; Board of Directors, Executive Committee
Rose, Florence - Director of Special Projects; Administrative Staff
Roseberry, Eleanor -Social Work Consultant; Field Service Representative
Roth, Edith - Assistant to the National Director
Rothschild, Carola Warburg - Vice President; Secretary; Board of Directors
Rutledge, Doris L. - Administrative Staff
Rutledge, Peggy - Administrative Staff
Saltzman, Charles E. - Board of Directors
Sanger, Margaret - Honorary President/Chairman; Board of Directors
Scheidemann, M. - Administrative Staff
Schieffelin, Bayard - Board of Directors
Schilling, Francis W. - Chairman, By-Laws Revision Committee
Schneider, ? - Administrative Staff
Schumacher, Mrs. Fred W. - Board of Directors
Scott, Katherine Miller - Executive Committee; Vice President; Board of Directors
Scribner, Charles Ezra - Chairman; Vice Chairman; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Scull, James H. - Director of Public Information
Secor, Mrs. G. R. - Board of Directors
Seissler, ? - Administrative Staff
Selinger, Mrs. M. A. - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Fund-Raising Committee
Senior, Clarence - Board of Directors
Shamburger, L. L. - Board of Directors
Shepard, Mrs. Frank P. - Secretary; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Shuman, Anna Jane Phillips - Board of Directors
Smillie, Wilson G. - Chairman, Lasker Award Committee
Smith, James Hopkins, Jr. - Board of Directors
Smith, Mrs. Gordon H. - Board of Directors
Snodgrass, Marie - Board of Directors
Snyder, Margaret - Research Assistant
Solomon, Edward - Executive Committee; Chairman, Social Research Committee
Spencer, Georgia C. - Board of Directors
Spingarn, Hope Malik - Assistant Director/Director, Public Information Department; Educational Consultant
Starr, Martha Jane - Board of Directors
Stern, Jerome - Administrative Staff
Stern, Mrs. Julius Long - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Annual Meeting Committee; Chairman, Information and Education Committee
Stewart, Margaret M. - Social Work Consultant
Stewart, Mrs. Roy - Board of Directors
Stockstrom, Gladys - Board of Directors; Chairman, Study Committee
Stone, Abraham - Vice President; Executive Committee; Board of Directors
Stopford, Mrs. Robert M. - Chairman, Annual Meeting Committee
Stott, Mrs. Louis L. - Board of Directors
Straus, Mrs. Robert - Board of Directors
Strauss, Donald B. - Vice Chairman; Board of Directors; Chairman, Information and Education Committee
Stuart, Ida L. - Administrative Staff
Stubblefield, Mrs. D. W. - Board of Directors
Suarez, Evelyn - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Public Information Committee
Taylor, Jeanette J. - Executive Committee; Secretary; Board of Directors
Test, Alfred L. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Budget and Finance Committee
Thetaz, Marius - Administrative Staff
Thomas, Mrs. Owen - Board of Directors
Tompkins, Sally Bates - Board of Directors; Chairman, Public Education Committee
Townend, Mrs. Henry - Board of Directors
Trane, Mrs. James - Board of Directors
Tree, Ronald - Vice-President; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Trent, Kathryn - Director, Field Department
Trent, William Jr. - Board of Directors
Trisko, Jean - Field Service Representative
Trowbridge, Rev. Cornelius P. - President; Vice President; Board of Directors; Chairman, Nominating Committee
Turlington, Lee F. - Board of Directors
Tyler, Edward T. - Board of Directors
Upham, John H. J. - President/Chairman; Board of Directors; Chairman, National Medical Council
Valentine, Mrs. Alan - Vice President; Board of Directors; Chairman, Nominating Committee
Van Slyck, Lucia Norton - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Social Work Advisory Committee
Van Vleck, Joseph, Jr. - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Personnel Committee
Vanderbilt, William H. - Board of Directors
Vogt, Johanna Von Goeckingk - Administrative Staff
Vogt, William - National Director; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Wallace, Mrs. Richard H. - Board of Directors
Ward, Mary Van Ellen - Board of Directors
Ware, H. Hudnall - Board of Directors
Weir, Roslyn C. - Board of Directors
Wells, Mrs. Herbert C. Jr. - Board of Directors
Whelpton, Pascal K. - Executive Committee; Board of Directors
Whitelaw, Mrs. John B. - Board of Directors
Wile, Ira Solomon - Chairman; Executive Committee
Williams, Ben C. - Board of Directors
Williams, C. Dickerman - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Finance and Budget Committee
Williams, Mrs. I. T. - Board of Directors
Willson, Edith E. - Board of Directors
Wilson, Eileen - Assistant to National Director
Wilson, John P. Jr. - Board of Directors
Wilson, Mrs. Gerald - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Nominating Committee
Winslow, C. E. A. - Vice President; Board of Directors
Wohlforth, Mildred Gilman - Public Relations Department
Workum, Emily Harneill - Board of Directors; Chairman, Executive Committee; Chairman, Public Relations Committee; Chairman, Field Committee
Workum, Fifield - Board of Directors
Worthington, Mrs. Union - Board of Directors
Wright, Cecil Damon - Assistant to the Director; Executive Committee
Wright, Mrs. R. Stephens - Board of Directors
Young, Whitney M. Jr. - Board of Directors
Zulandi, Connie - Administrative Staff
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For other organizations involved with PPFA, see:
BCFA for records of the preceding organization
MSRB for records of affiliated organization that served as the research arm of the Federation
IPPF for records related to PPFA's international work
For conferences associated with PPFA, see:
1948 International Congress on Population and World Resources
1952 3rd International Conference on Planned Parenthood
1953 4th International Conference on Planned Parenthood
1955 5th International Conference on Planned Parenthood
1957 Proposed 6th International Conference on Planned Parenthood
1959 6th International Conference on Planned Parenthood
1960 New Look at the Population Crisis Conference
For tributes sponsored by or associated with PPFA, see:
1961 World Tribute to Margaret Sanger
1966 PPFA International Sponsors Council Tribute
Note on sources:
The Smith College Collections Series contains a large number of PPFA records, including minutes, reports, form letters, organizational memos, and publications. This Series also contains Sanger's correspondence with PPFA officers and directors, funders, and other relevant parties. The Records of PPFA records, of which only a small number were included in this edition, are available for research in the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. The Library of Congress microfilm contains a smaller collection of PPFA records, mostly concentrated between 1942 and the early-1950s. The Collected Documents Series also has some PPFA records and correspondence with PPFA officers
The Quotes below come directly from Margaret Sanger and Company in regard to abortion, family, and their ideas!
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Planned Parenthood Speaks
The Pro-Family, Pro-Woman, Pro-Society Organization, or is it?
For your convenience, we have compiled a sample list of quotes by Planned Parenthood(PP) in order to help you determine if the largest provider of abortion in the country is really pro-family, pro-woman, and pro-society at its core. These quotes are from members of PP itself, and oftentimes important members. So let's let PP speak for itself! Enjoy. . .
QUOTES BY CATEGORIES:
ON ABORTION
(Planned Parenthood at first...)
"An abortion kills the life of a baby after it has begun. It is dangerous to your life and health. it may make you sterile, so that when you want a child you cannot have it ... Birth control merely postpones the beginning of life."
-- Planned Parenthood pamphlet entitled "Plan Your Children," 1963.
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"One sperm plus one egg = one baby."
-- Planned Parenthood/World Population pamphlet entitled "ABCs of Birth Control," 1973, page 4.
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(...and then...)
"In the mid-1960's, Planned Parenthood's attitude towards the unborn changed dramatically from that shown in the above quotes. It established as a firm goal the increase of abortions in its clinics from 45,000 per year to 80,000 per year."
-- Michael Schwarty, "Bringing the Sexual Revolution Home: Planned Parenthood's Five-Year Plan." America, February 18, 1978.
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"Most professionals and volunteers associated with Planned Parenthood have accepted, for a long time, the necessity of abortion as an integral part of any complete or total family planning program."
-- Richard D. Glasow, Ph.D. "Planned Parenthood 1969-1972: Assuming an Activist Posture on Behalf of Legalized Abortion." National Right to Life News, January 31, 1985, page 6.
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Webmaster's Note: Abortion stops a beating heart. It brutally kills the developing pre-born baby. They are not choices, they are children.
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ON POPULATION CONTROL AND COERCIVE POPULATION CONTROL
"I predict the possibility that eventually coercion [in population programs] may become necessary. [Such force may be required] in areas where the pressure is the greatest, possibly in India and China."
-- Planned Parenthood spokesman, quoted by Richard D. Glasow, Ph.D. "Ideology Compels Fervid PPFA Abortion Advocacy." National Right to Life News, March 28, 1985, page 5.
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Planned Parenthood's founder, Margaret Sanger, proposed an "American Baby Code (ABC)," which included the following articles;
"Article 3. A marriage shall in itself give husband and wife only the right to a common household and not the right to parenthood.
Article 4. No woman shall have the legal right to bear a child, and no man shall have the right to become a father, without a permit for parenthood.
Article 6. No permit for parenthood shall be valid for more than one birth."
-- Margaret Sanger. "The American Baby Code." The American Weekly, May 27, 1934, pages 3 and 4. Quoted by Randy Engel during United States Senate hearings entitled "Declaration of U.S. Policy of Population Stabilization By Voluntary Means, 1971." Special Subcommittee on Human Resources of the Committee on Labor & Public Welfare, United States Senate, 92nd Congress, First Session, on S.J.R. 108, August 5, October 5, 8, and 14, and November 3, 1971.
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Planned Parenthood has also seriously proposed -- much more recently -- the following population control measures for the United States;
"* institute a substantial marriage tax;
* provided bonuses for delayed marriage and childbearing;
* require women to work but provide few child care facilities;
* reduce or eliminate all maternity leave or benefits;
* limit or eliminate public financed medical care, scholarships, housing, loans and subsidies to families with more than a certain number of children;
* compulsory abortion of out-of-wedlock pregnancies;
* stock certificate-type permits for children;
* payments to encourage contraception;
* payments to encourage sterilization;
* payments to encourage abortions; and
* compulsory sterilization for those who have had two children."
-- Memo dated March 11, 1969, entitled "Examples of Proposed Measures to Reduce U.S. Fertility by Universality or Selectivity of Impact." From Frederick S. Jaffe, Vice President of Planned Parenthood/World Population, to Bernard Berelson.
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Webmaster's note: Keep in mind that the above articles were intended for implementation in the United States, not in China! And also notice the similiarity between the forced one-child policy in China today compared to these PP propositions for the United States.
ON SEX-SELECTED ABORTIONS
"... once the state of the fetal diagnostic art moves from second to first trimester, so abortion falls within the menstrual extraction period. Planned parenthood will increasingly connote planning the sex as well as the spacing of offspring."
-- Planned Parenthood spokesman, quoted in Lisa Andrusko. "A Fact of Life: What Are "Sex-Selection Abortions?"" National Right to Life News, March 14, 1985, page 3.
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Webmaster's note: The current abortion on demand law gives the opportunity for people to have an abortion just because they don't want a girl, legally! In China and other Asian countries, this is a common use for abortion. This gives rise to one of the greatest abuses of women ever, don't worry about them voting, just take away their life(sarcasm).
ON PREGNANCY
"Unwanted pregnancy is transmitted sexually, is socially and emotionally pathologic ... and has many other characteristics of the conventional venereal diseases. -Willard Cates Jr., M.D., et al. "Abortion as a Treatment for Unwanted Pregnancy: The Number Two Sexually-Transmitted Condition." Address presented to the Association of Planned Parenthood Physicians Conference, Miami Beach, Florida, November 11-12, 1976.
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"The pill, in my opinion and that of my colleagues, is an important prophylaxis, perhaps the most important, against one of the gravest sociomedical illnesses extant. That, of course, is unwanted pregnancy."
-- Alan Guttmacher, M.D., Medical Director of Planned Parenthood Federation of America. Senator Gaylord Nelson's (D-Wi.) Hearings on Competitive Problems in the Drug Industry, by the Senate Subcommittee on Monopoly -- Select Committee on Small Business, Part 16, page 6,572, February 25, 1970.
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"We have yet to beat our public health drums for birth control in the way we beat them for polio vaccine; we are still unable to put babies in the class of dangerous epidemics, even though that is the exact truth."
-- Mary S. Calderone, M.D., Medical Director, Planned Parenthood Federation of America, and founder, Sex Education and Information Council of the United States (SIECUS). Medical Morals newsletter, February-March 1968.
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"[Pregnancy] is an episodic, moderately extended, chronic condition ... May be defined as an illness ... treated by evacuation of the uterine contents."
-- Warren Hern, M.D. "Is Pregnancy Really Normal?" Alan Guttmacher Institute's Family Planning Perspectives, January 1971, page 9.
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"Opponents of oral contraceptives always talk in terms of the treatment of 'healthy women.' Those of us who have to treat women who are pregnant with an unwanted baby do not feel that she can be considered to be healthy."
-- Elizabeth B. Connell, M.D., Planned Parenthood Medical Advisory Council, New York City, 1964. Senator Gaylord Nelson's (D-Wi.) Hearings on Competitive Problems in the Drug Industry, by the Senate Subcommittee on Monopoly -- Select Committee on Small Business, Part 16, page 6,523, February 25, 1970.
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"Many parents are shocked to find Planned Parenthood giving their daughters birth control pills. The point is still under debate as to whether pregnancy is a disability, a disease, a choice or a right."
-- Rachel Cressman, Program Director, Planned Parenthood, quoted in the Colorado Springs Gazette Telegram, July 20, 1978.
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"It's hard work to have a baby! Then two years of slave labor and 16 years of responsibility! You never have a moment's freedom! The simplest trip to the grocery store has to be planned like a military campaign! From the moment you decide not to have an abortion, that kid is going to determine your life!"
-- "Abortion Eve," 1973 comic book by Chin Lyvely and Joyce Sutton, promoted by Planned Parenthood, pages 14 and 15.
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Webmaster's note: The first feminists like Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Mary Wollstonecraft were pro-life. See, by making pregnancy into a disease, you are saying women have this "crutch" that men don't; you are saying men are "healthier, immune from this disease, superior from birth." Furthermore, you treat the developing child like trash, like an object of which you are the judge of its "disposal" or "maintenance," and you turn women against their children. For centuries, men have been jeolous of the ability of women to give and nurture life, and have been held responsible for their actions if they got a girl pregnant. But now that pregnancy is seen as a problem that can be "solved" with an abortion, men are free from the responsibility they owe whomever they impregnant.
ON TEENAGE PROMISCUITY
"We are not going to be an organization promoting celibacy or chastity."
-- Faye Wattleton, former president of Planned Parenthood. Quoted in the Los Angeles Times, October 17, 1986, Part V, page 1. Also quoted in Judie Brown. "The Wattleton-Sanger Tradition: Deception." ALL About Issues, May 1988, pages 18 and 19.
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"Girls who have not begun to menstruate need to be told they can become pregnant. Advise using condoms with foam if intercourse is sporadic or OCs [oral contraceptives] if is occurs regularly ... Oral contraceptives can be safely prescribed prior to menarche [first menstruation]."
-- Louise Tyrer, M.D., Vice President for Medical Affairs for Planned Parenthood. "What Every Teen Should Know About Contraceptives." Contemporary Pediatrics, October 1989, pages 68 to 82 and 94.
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"Our alternative solution is to be ready as educators and parents to help young people obtain sex satisfaction before marriage. By sanctioning sex before marriage, we will prevent fear and guilt. We must also relieve those who have them of their fears and guilt feelings, and we must be ready to provide young boys and girls with the best contraception measures available so they will have the necessary means to achieve sexual satisfaction without having to risk possible pregnancy. We owe this to them."
-- Dr. Lena Levine. "Psychosexual Development." Planned Parenthood News, Summer 1953, page 10.
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"If, however, you have separated your sex and love needs ... then you could have a hundred partners and still be a perfect candidate for a good close relationship later on. So having multiple sexual partners in itself doesn't mean anything."
-- Harvey Caplan, M.D., staff clinician at Planned Parenthood/ World Population of Alameda-San Francisco. Quoted in The Joy of Birth Control by Stephanie Mills, PPFA board member.
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"Do you want a convenient warm body? Buy one. That's right. There are women who have freely chosen that business; buy one. Do you want a virgin to marry? Buy one. There are girls in that business, too. Marriage is the price you'll pay, and you'll get the virgin. Very temporarily."
-- Sheri Tepper, "You've Changed the Combination!" Rocky Mountain Planned Parenthood, Denver, Colorado, 1977, page 18.
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"No religious views, no moral standards, are to deflect the child from the overriding purposes of self-discovery, self-assertion, and self-gratification."
-- Planned Parenthood Sex Education and Mental Health Report, 1979.
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"According to Planned Parenthood, of all the health care services that teens may require, the four services most needed are abortion, contraception, treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, and obstetric care. In fact, Planned Parenthood asserts that ten-year olds have the right to contraception, sterilization, and abortion without their parents' knowledge!"
-- International Planned Parenthood Foundation, Adolescent Fertility, London, 1983, page 31.
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"Our advice, the first time you see a small child fondling himself, is to take this teachable moment and try to get across the message that masturbating is something practically everyone does because it feels good, that there's nothing wrong with it, that it's okay with you (if it is), but that it is something to be done in private. . . . "Many boys, at some point in their development, make it a group event with one or more [other] boys."
-- Faye Wattleton, former president of Planned Parenthood Federation of America (PPFA). How to Talk with Your Child About Sexuality. Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1986, 150 pages. A detailed review of this book may be obtained from Jim Sedlak, Director, Stop Planned Parenthood (STOPP), Post Office Box 8, LaGrangeville, New York 12540.
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"There are certain things that you do not want to talk about to your parents. There are certain things they don't want to talk about to you. The only thing you owe anyone is courtesy. You don't owe anyone 'love.' If you think your parents are great, that's wonderful. If you don't get along, that's too bad but it's no lifetime tragedy. How you feel about them isn't nearly as important as how you feel about yourself. And if you start thinking and talking about them all the time, you may find yourself still doing it at age fifty with no one listening."
-- Sheri Tepper, "You've Changed the Combination!" Rocky Mountain Planned Parenthood, Denver, Colorado, 1977, page 18.
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Webmaster's note: Encouraging promiscuity and sex leads to sky-rocketing sales of contraceptives. More people become sexually active, abstinence becomes that "ideal, Christian dream," sex becomes that oh-so-common-topic-of-discussion-and-jokes, and abortions rise. Abortion always rises in a society that vigorously promotes contraceptives because they treat children as "unwanted products of sexual pleasure." Sigh...
ON THE INEFFECTIVESS OF SEX EDUCATION AND CONTRACEPTION
"At the risk of being repetitious, I would remind the group that we have found the highest frequency of induced abortions in the group which, in general, most frequently uses contraception."
-- Famous sex researcher Dr. Alfred E. Kinsey, at the April 1955 Conference on Induced Abortion, sponsored by PPFA.
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"It was recognized by conference participants that no scientific evidence has been developed to support the claim that the increased availability of contraceptive services will clearly result in a decreased illegal abortion rate."
-- Concluding statement signed by the leading sex researchers of the day at the April 1955 Conference on Induced Abortion, sponsored by the Planned Parenthood Federation of America. Cosigners included Alan Guttmacher, M.D.; Alfred E. Kinsey, M.D.; Christopher Tietze, M.D.; John Rock, M.D.; and Abraham Stone, M.D.
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"Evidence of rising abortion rates with the expanding use of contraceptives is now available for Korea, India, Taiwan, Iran, Turkey, Egypt, and some parts of Latin America."
-- Malcolm Potts, M.D. (Medical Director of the International Planned Parenthood Federation), and Clive Wood, editors. New Concepts in Contraception. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1972. Page 12.
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Webmaster's note: It's a win win situation. You sell contraceptives, you make money. Contraceptives for some reason increases unwanted pregancies. You then sell abortions, and you make even more money. It's all figured out.
ON THE RIGHT TO LIVE
"No such thing as a constitutional "right to life" exists for anyone, born or unborn."
-- Planned Parenthood lawyer Harriet Pilpel, in testimony before the United States Committee on Constitutional Amendments, March 1975.
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Webmaster's note: OU Right to Life? What a deceitful name!
ON INCEST
"... incest between adults and younger children can also prove to be a satisfying and enriching experience. Incestuous relationships can -- and do -- work out well."
-- Wardell B. Pomeroy of Planned Parenthood. "A New Look at Incest," Forum Magazine, November 1976, pages 84 to 89.
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Webmaster's note: Just a little too far for my taste. . .
ON SEX WITH ANIMALS
"I have known cases of farm boys who have had a loving sexual relationship with an animal and who felt good about their behavior until they got to college, where they learned for the first time that what they had done was 'abnormal.' Then they were upset."
-- Wardell Pomeroy, Ph.D. Boys and Sex. Delacorte Press, New York, 1981. Pages 171 and 172. This book is used in numerous public school systems in the United States.
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Webmaster's note: This guy has a Ph.D??? What school did he go to so I DON'T go there, lol.
ON RACIST EUGENICS
"First as you know, as we celebrate the 100th birthday of Margaret Sanger, our outrageous and our courageous leader we will probably find a number of areas in which we may want to find more about Margaret Sanger than we thought we wanted to know ... we should be very proud of what we are and what our mission is. It is a very grand mission ... abortion is only the tip of the iceberg."
-- Transcript of the address given by Faye Wattleton, president, Planned Parenthood Federation of America, at its annual luncheon in St. Louis, Missouri, on February 5, 1979.
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"Our failure to segregate morons who are increasing and multiplying ... demonstrates our foolhardy and extravagant sentimentalism ... [Philanthropists] encourage the healthier and more normal sections of the world to shoulder the burden of unthinking and indiscriminate fecundity of others; which brings with it, as I think the reader must agree, a dead weight of human waste. Instead of decreasing and aiming to eliminate the stocks that are most detrimental to the future of the race and the world, it tends to render them to a menacing degree dominant ... We are paying for, and even submitting to, the dictates of an ever-increasing, unceasingly spawning class of human beings who never should have been born at all."
-- Margaret Sanger. The Pivot of Civilization. 1922. Chapter on "The Cruelty of Charity," pages 116, 122, and 189. Swarthmore College Library edition.
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"In passing, we should here recognize the difficulties presented by the idea of 'fit' and 'unfit.' Who is to decide this question? The grosser, the more obvious, the undeniably feeble-minded should, indeed, not only be discouraged but prevented from propagating their kind. But among the writings of the representative Eugenists (sic), one cannot ignore the distinct middle-class bias that prevails."
-- Margaret Sanger. Quoted in Charles Valenza. "Was Margaret Sanger a Racist?" Family Planning Perspectives, January-February 1985, page 44.
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"The third group [of society] are those irresponsible and reckless ones having little regard for the consequences of their acts, or whose religious scruples prevent their exercising control over their numbers. Many of this group are diseased, feeble-minded, and are of the pauper element dependent upon the normal and fit members of society for their support. There is no doubt in the minds of all thinking people that the procreation of this group should be stopped."
-- Margaret Sanger. Speech quoted in Birth Control: What It Is, How It Works, What It Will Do. The Proceedings of the First American Birth Control Conference. Held at the Hotel Plaza, New York City, November 11-12, 1921. Published by the Birth Control Review, Gothic Press, pages 172 and 174.
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"Birth control must lead ultimately to a cleaner race."
-- Margaret Sanger. Woman, Morality, and Birth Control. New York: New York Publishing Company, 1922. Page 12.
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"There is only one reply to a request for a higher birthrate among the intelligent, and that is to ask the government to first take the burden of the insane and feeble-minded from your back. [Mandatory] sterilization for these is the answer."
-- Margaret Sanger, October 1926 Birth Control Review.
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"Give dysgenic groups [people with 'bad genes'] in our population their choice of segregation or [compulsory] sterilization."
-- Margaret Sanger, April 1932 Birth Control Review.
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"[Slavs, Latin, and Hebrew immigrants are] human weeds ... a deadweight of human waste ... [Blacks, soldiers, and Jews are a] menace to the race."
"Eugenic sterilization is an urgent need ... We must prevent multiplication of this bad stock."
-- Margaret Sanger, April 1933 Birth Control Review.
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"We should hire three or four colored ministers, preferably with social-service backgrounds, and with engaging personalities. The most successful educational approach to the Negro is through a religious appeal. We don't want the word to go out that we want to exterminate the Negro population, and the minister is the man who can straighten out that idea if it ever occurs to any of their more rebellious members."
-- Margaret Sanger's December 19, 1939 letter to Dr. Clarence Gamble, 255 Adams Street, Milton, Massachusetts. Original source: Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College, North Hampton, Massachusetts. Also discussed in Linda Gordon's Woman's Body, Woman's Right: A Social History of Birth Control in America. New York: Grossman Publishers, 1976.
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Sanger's letter was in response to a memorandum by Dr. Gamble that stated, in part; "There is a great danger that we will fail because the Negroes think it a plan for extermination. Hence let's appear to let the colored run it as we appeared to let the South do the conference at Atlanta."
-- November 1939 memorandum by Dr. Clarence Gamble entitled "Suggestions for Negro Project." Original source: Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College, North Hampton, Massachusetts.
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"I cannot overemphasize the importance of utilizing Negro professionals, fully integrated into the staff of this organization. This key professional worker could interpret the program and the objectives to them in the normal course of day to day contacts; could break down fallacious attitudes and beliefs and elements of distrust; could inspire the confidence of the group; and would not be suspected of the intent to eliminate the race."
-- Dr. Dorothy B. Ferebee. "Planned Parenthood as a Health Measure for the Negro Race." Address at the 1942 Birth Control Foundation of America (later Planned Parenthood) annual meeting. Source: Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Margaret Sanger Collection.
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"[Our objective is] unlimited sexual gratification without the burden of unwanted children."
Sanger's credo of women's rights: "to live ... to love ... to be lazy ... to be an unmarried mother ... to create ... to destroy."
"The marriage bed is the most degenerative influence in the social order."
"The most merciful thing that a family does to one of its infant members is to kill it."
-- Margaret Sanger (editor). The Woman Rebel, Volume I, Number 1. Reprinted in Woman and the New Race. New York: Brentanos Publishers, 1922.
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Even Marxist theorists, though apparently blind in other areas, recognize the obviously racist nature of the programs promulgated by Planned Parenthood and the other population controllers;
"The not-so-concealed theme of some major figures in NARAL [National Abortion Rights Action League] and NOW [National Organization for Women] was that abortion should be legal because the most prolific breeders were welfare mothers from the dangerous classes ... the leader of NARAL in New York lobbied against the provisions to protect poor minority women from involuntary sterilization, and so did Planned Parenthood."
-- Alexander Cockburn, quoted in Proletarian Revolution, Fall 1989, page 28.
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Webmaster's Note: I have yet to hear an apology for these comments from PP. It is revolting that the famed hero of PP believed these things; it's no different than Hitler. I even have a hard time believe she said this. . . it's horrible!
ON RESPECTING THE LAW
"We will disobey laws requiring notification to parents of minors receiving contraceptive drugs or devices."
-- Faye Wattleton, Director, Planned Parenthood Federation of America. The Human Right to Family Planning, 1984.
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"Family Planning Associates [the 180 United States Planned Parenthood affiliates] and other nongovernmental associations should not use the
absence of law or the existence of an unfavorable law as an excuse for inaction; action outside the law, or even in violation of it, is part of the process of stimulating change."
-- International Planned Parenthood Federation. The Human Right to Family Planning, 1984. Co-signed by PPFA president Faye Wattleton.
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"There are some laws that can and should be broken ... restrictive abortion laws ... are as obsolete and irrelevant to the contemporary world as the New York State statute which makes it a crime to have a deck of cards in an apartment within a one-mile radius of an armory."
-- Malcolm Potts, M.D., former director of the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF). "Population Growth and Abortion," in Gerald I. Satuchni, John J. Sciarra, and J. Joseph Speidel (editors). Pregnancy Termination: Procedures, Safety and New Developments. New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1979, page 424.
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"Planned Parenthood provides suggestions and assistance for bypassing and disobeying various local and national laws restricting abortion."
-- Donald P. Warwick, "Bitter Pills: Population Policies and Their Implementation in Eight Developing Countries." Cambridge University Press, London, 1982, page 64.
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Webmaster's note: This is typical of radical, totalitarian, leftist thinking. Anything must be done to uphold their ideals and anyone in the way is "taken care of." No respect is given to a democratic system if it works against them.
ON MOTHER THERESA
(Mother Teresa is revered all over the world for her tremendous efforts on behalf of the most helpless and downtrodden of the earth's citizens -- lepers, discarded children, the destitute dying, and AIDS patients. She and her Sisters have saved thousands of lives.)
"This very successful old and withered person, who doesn't look in the least like a woman, especially when she raises her clenched fists in prayer, and who, for us, is a very suspect holder of the Nobel Prize ... has become for us the symbol of all that is bad in motherhood and womanhood -- an image with which we do not wish to be associated. Mother Teresa is the perfect image of a sexless, religious woman. This is, however, not the image of womanhood that we want. Show us instead the mother or daughter who can take delight in the most enjoyable of all worldly pleasures, sexual intimacy. You, you nightmare of women! You unliberated, enslaved wives, mothers, nuns and aun-ts, what do you want from us, who have fin-ally dec-ided that we are go-ing to take control of our bodies, our children, and our destiny into our own hands? Do you not realize that you are all merely puppets of the devil?"
-- "Mother Teresa, the Woman of My Nightmares." Sexualpedagogik, the official monthly publication of "Pro Familia," the West German Planned Parenthood affiliate, March 1986.
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Webmaster's Note: Oh please, who insults Mother Theresa???
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ON THOSE THAT DISAGREE WITH THEM
"In every generation there exists a group of people so filled with bigotry and self-righteousness that they will resort to any means -- even violence -- to impose their views on society. Today, such fanatics dominate a movement ironically called 'the Right-to-Life,' a movement which threatens the most basic of human rights."
-- Planned Parenthood pamphlet, "The Justice Fund," 810 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York 10019.
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Webmaster's note: Please scroll up to the section "On Respecting the Law." Thank you.
ON CHILDREN
"[Children at our office] are both a nuisance and a safety/liability risk. Children will not be allowed in any patient service area, and they may not be left unattended in the waiting room. If a client arrives with a child or children but without a caretaker, her appointment will be rescheduled."
-- Syracuse Planned Parenthood memo, described in "PP: Kids Are a Nuisance." People Concerned for the Unborn Child Newsletter, July-August 1992, page 5.
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"Babies are not sweet little things. They wet and dirty themselves, they get sick, they're very expensive to take care of."
-- Rocky Mountain Planned Parenthood. "The Perils of Puberty." Denver, 1974, page 15.
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Webmaster's note: The difference between the above thinking and right-to-life thinking is that of functions v. essences, a signifcant difference in emphasis. To those above, babies are nuissances because they serve little function and are inconvenient. The right-to-life movement however, lies in awe and reverence at the wonder of life at its most vulnerable times.
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Hard to believe that such things could be said right? Well, they're true, and you can check for yourself with the provided documentation. Quotes really do speak for themselves. Please, I urge you to keep your distance from Planned Parenthood and any radical abortion promoter. And if you don't, at least always maintain skepticism towards their work...
"In every generation there exists a group of people so filled with bigotry and self-righteousness that they will resort to any means -- even violence -- to impose their views on society." --Planned Parenthood.
How ironic?
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This web page was made by OU Right to Life. The quotes were collected from HLI's Pro-Life library CD. Thank you for visiting.
home SIECUS page
Planned Parenthood
It is interesting to see how Margaret Sanger and the Planned Parenthood Federation sought to control the World's Population using eugenics into the 1950's. Many claim that 'eugenics' are still desired, though in today's politically correct atmosphere, they must be more careful with their wording. Note the plans they made, and that Mary Calderone (SIECUS) was the medical director of Planned Parenthood Federation from the onset. There is a who's who of names at the bottom of this page, of directors, associates etc.
Planned Parenthood's founder, Margaret Sanger, proposed an "American Baby Code (ABC)," which included the following articles;
"Article 3. A marriage shall in itself give husband and wife only the right to a common household and not the right to parenthood.
Article 4. No woman shall have the legal right to bear a child, and no man shall have the right to become a father, without a permit for parenthood.
Article 6. No permit for parenthood shall be valid for more than one birth."
-- Margaret Sanger. "The American Baby Code." The American Weekly, May 27, 1934, pages 3 and 4. Quoted by Randy Engel during United States Senate hearings entitled "Declaration of U.S. Policy of Population Stabilization By Voluntary Means, 1971." Special Subcommittee on Human Resources of the Committee on Labor & Public Welfare, United States Senate, 92nd Congress, First Session, on S.J.R. 108, August 5, October 5, 8, and 14, and November 3, 1971.
"[Slavs, Latin, and Hebrew immigrants are] human weeds ... a deadweight of human waste ... [Blacks, soldiers, and Jews are a] menace to the race."
"Eugenic sterilization is an urgent need ... We must prevent multiplication of this bad stock."
-- Margaret Sanger, April 1933 Birth Control Review.
Courtesy of NYU
THE PLANNED PARENTHOOD FEDERATION OF AMERICA (1942-1962)
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At a special membership meeting on January 29, 1942, the Birth Control Federation of America (BCFA) changed its name to Planned Parenthood Federation of America (PPFA). The BCFA was established in 1939 through a merger of the American Birth Control League and the Birth Control Clinical Research Bureau engineered by the management firm of John Price Jones, Inc. The name change reflected a redefinition of the organization's goals from family limitation to child spacing. While PPFA continued to function as the largest birth control organization in the country, it sought to position itself as a more mainstream and moderate organization committed to a broad range of programs related to reproductive health.
Under the leadership of National Director D. Kenneth Rose of the John Price Jones Company, the PPFA expanded its programs and services through the 1940s, adding affiliate organizations throughout the country. By the end of the Second World War, the Federation was no longer solely a center for birth control services or a clearing house for contraceptive information but had emerged as a major national health organization. PPFA's programs included a full range of family planning services, including marriage education and counselling, and infertility services. The leadership of PPFA, largely consisting of businessmen and male physicians, endeavored to incorporate its contraceptive services unofficially into regional and national public health programs by emphasizing less politicized aspects, such as child spacing. During the 1950s, the Federation further adjusted its programs and message to appeal to a family-centered, more conservative post-war populace, while continuing to function, through its affiliated clinics, as the most reliable source of contraceptives in the country.>/p>
From 1942 until 1962, the last year of Sanger's active participation in the birth control movement, PPFA concentrated its efforts on strengthening its ties to affiliates, expanding public education programs, and improving its medical and research work. It continued to operate a Negro Service and other rural health projects in the South through the early 1940s and working in conjunction with the Margaret Sanger Research Bureau (MSRB) and regional agencies, tested new contraceptives in the field. PPFA also gave financial assistance to the MSRB in return for the use of research facilities and its participation in cooperative research projects. By 1960, visitors to PPFA centers across the nation numbered over 300,000 per year. That number increased by a third in 1961 when the anovulant pill was introduced in most of the affiliated clinics. However, PPFA was not able to increase the number of its clinics in those years.
PPFA began focusing greater attention on global population issues in the 1950s as new concerns arose over the political, social and cultural implications of over-population in Asia and other parts of the world and became active in international birth control work through its membership in the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF), which Margaret Sanger helped to found in 1952. National interest in population problems, spurred by the Draper report in 1959 (recommending U.S. assistance to foreign governments seeking population reductions), and the 1960 presidential elections, prompted PPFA to devote even more of its resources to international work, enlarge its training programs for visiting foreign doctors, and send field workers outside the U.S.. In 1961, the population-crisis debate, along with funding shortages, convinced PPFA to merge with the World Population Emergency Campaign (WPEC), a citizens' fund-raising organization that grew out of the IPPF-Western Hemisphere Region.
In changing its name to PPFA, the Federation signalled its shift away from Sanger's feminist focus on women's quest for reproductive freedom. Though she objected to the abandonment of birth control", a term she identified in name and spirit as reflective of women's empowerment, and characterized the organization as complacent and overly cautious, Margaret Sanger did agree to serve as the honorary president of PPFA. She also served on the board of directors and, until the mid-1950s, on the Long Range Planning Committee. Sanger still constituted the primary link between the PPFA and many of its major financial contributors. However, her work with PPFA focused largely on efforts to develop an oral contraceptive pill (Sanger helped arrange funding for much of the early research on the anovulant pill) and on PPFA's international work. Not until the mid-1960s did PPFA reassert its primary commitment to championing women's reproductive rights.
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Organizational Structure, Major Departments and Committees:
Affiliates (Membership):
State and local planned parenthood organizations which were certified by the Federation. PPFA required that the constitution, by-laws and policy of an Affiliate organization be consistent with that of the Federation. Each Affiliate appointed two delegates to represent it at all member meetings, including the annual membership meeting. Affiliates received a variety of assistance from the Federation -- depending on their staff size and budgets -- including educational materials, visits from field workers, and program proposals. Rules and regulations governing Affiliate members and the process of affiliation changed periodically and resulted in a fluctuating number of Affiliates. The Federation also encouraged various forms of individual membership.
Board of Directors:
Usually consisted of between 45 and 75 state representatives and directors-at-large who were responsible for the management of the Federation, including the appointment of officers, the adoption of the annual budget, and the supervision of the national director and committees.
Budget and Finance Committee:
Approximately 9 or 10 members, including several officers, directors, and appropriate committee chairman who recommended an annual budget and were responsible for investing the Federation's funds.
Clergymen's Advisory Committee:
National Committee that coordinated relations between PPFA and the religious community. Specifically, the Committee worked with the National Council of Churches, the Central Conference of American Rabbis, and the World Council of Churches, among other groups. The Committee also assisted in developing educational materials and issued public statements on religious support for family planning.
Executive Committee:
Approximately 10 members, usually including directors, several officers, and committee chairman who managed the organization and retained the powers of the Board of Directors between directors' meetings.
Field Committee:
Delegates representing each Affiliate member. The Committee coordinated relations between the Federation and its affiliates, reviewed policies governing affiliation, and recommended new members to the Board of Directors.
Field Department/Field Service:
Field workers primarily visited local committees and state leagues to help improve and develop their programs. The Department also coordinated field work projects such as the Negro Project, and other rural health projects, including work with migrant workers; and supervised committees such as the Clergymen's Committee, the Committee on Work with Negroes, and the Social Work Advisory Committee.
Fund Raising Committee/Campaign Committee:
Approximately 7 members, including the Budget and Finance Committee chairman and officers and directors who coordinated the Federation's annual fund-raising campaign.
Human Fertility:
Published articles about research on contraception, sterility, and other biological aspects of reproduction. The journal was initially published from 1935 until 1939 by the Birth Control Clinical Research Bureau under the title Journal of Contraception. The journal was discontinued in 1945.
Long Range Planning Committee:
Developed the program of the organization, working closely with the other committees, along with providing proposals for revisions to the by-laws and constitution.
Medical Committee:
Medical professionals ranging in number from approximately 12 to 25 who were responsible for developing all phases of the medical program, including formation of medical procedures and policy, the formulation of a research program, and the appointment of a medical director and National Medical Council. The Committee also worked to win the endorsements of and improve relations with national medical organizations.
Medical Council/National Medical Advisory Council:
Considered issues of broad policy and advised the Federation on specific medical problems.
Medical Department:
Under the direction of the Medical Committee and medical director, carried out educational campaigns in medical and nursing schools and public health departments, field demonstrations and testing of new contraceptive products, and the development of educational materials on contraception and infertility, among other work.
National Advisory Council:
A small group of prominent citizens organized to advise PPFA and improve the public image of birth control. The Council was disbanded and replaced by the Medical Advisory Council shortly after the Federation changed its name in 1942.
Nominating Committee:
Approximately 5 members (including at least two directors) who were responsible for nominations to the Board of Directors.
Public Information Department/Publicity/Education:
Provided news releases, scripts, articles, pamphlets, and other educational material for the general public and the press; assisted local committees and state leagues with securing speakers; produced educational films, exhibits and public outreach programs; and handled public relations problems.
Research Committee/Biologic Research Committee/Social Research Committee:
Experts in their field who proposed and helped supervise various research projects, and allocated funds for research conducted outside of the Federation. The research committees also organized symposiums and conferences.
Special Projects Department:
Coordinated the Negro Project (Division of Negro Service) which supervised demonstration projects in black communities in the South, including Berkeley County, North Carolina and Nashville, Tennessee; and worked to publicize health problems of African Americans and the scarcity of contraceptive services in black communities. The Special Projects Department also organized the Clergymen's Committee and supervised the Public Progress Committee, which undertook letter writing campaigns and funded specific programs at the Federation. The Department was phased out in 1943 when its chief administrator, Florence Rose, left the Federation.
Staff and Officers:
A national director, medical director, approximately 9 officers, and a small administrative staff that fluctuated in number. The national director was responsible for the administration, interpretation and development of the Federation's program; for personnel decisions; and for overseeing much of the fund-raising. The medical director was responsible for developing medical programs in accordance with the Medical Committee. The officers generally consisted of an honorary chairman, a chairman of the Board of Directors, president (later changed to chairman), vice presidents (varied in number; later changed to vice chairman), a secretary, and a treasurer.
PPFA's organization structure included many other smaller and short-term committees and councils, including: Annual Meeting, Nurses, Personnel, Post-War, International, By-Laws Revision, Lasker Awards, Travel, Manuals and Policy Revision, Minorities, Directorship, Headquarters, Review, Affiliates, Public Relations, PPFA-MSRB, and Study Committees, among others.
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PPFA Staff, Officers, Board and Select Committee Members:
Abbott, Lois Pennypacker - Board of Directors
Abrams, Ray H. - Board of Directors
Adams, Margaret C. - Board of Directors; Chairman, Field Committee
Aitken, Katharine - Administrative Staff?
Ames, Amyas - Board of Directors
Ammidon, Hoyt - Executive Committee
Anderson, Samuel W. - Board of Directors
Andrews, Mrs. Walter P. - Board of Directors
Arffman, Leo - Assistant Director of Fund-Raising
Armstrong, Mrs. C. Dudley - Board of Directors
Atlee, Elinore - Administrative Staff
Babcock, Caroline Lexow - Board of Directors
Baird, Janet - Public Information Department
Bangs, Catherine Clement - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Lasker Award Committee
Banks, Mrs. Henrine Ward - Board of Directors
Barclay, Elizabeth M. - Board of Directors
Barnes, Carolyn Payne - Secretary; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Barnes, Janet W. - Secretary; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Barstow, Rev. Robbins W. - Board of Directors
Baruch, Margot - Administrative Staff
Bastedo, Helen W. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Nominating Committee; Chairman, Affiliates Relations Committee; Chairman, Fund-Raising Committee
Baum, Margaret Hays - Board of Directors; Chairman, Executive Committee; Chairman, Field Committee
Bean, Lillian - Director of Fund-Raising
Behnke, John A. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Personnel Committee
Bernard, Laura Pincus - Administrative Staff?
Best, Winfield - Assistant to Director; Director, Public Relations/Information and Education
Bigelow, Mrs. Herbert H.- Board of Directors
Blagden, Mabel Whitney - Vice President; Board of Directors
Blair, Virginia - Board of Directors
Blair-Smith, Dallas - Treasurer; Board of Directors
Blaisdell, Mrs. Allen C. - Board of Directors
Blanchard, Mary Hillyer - Field Organizer
Borden, Mrs. Richard - Board of Directors
Breed, Frances - Administrative Staff?
Briggs, Eleanor Morse - Assistant to Director
Broaddus, Mrs. T. Nash - Board of Directors
Browne, Jane C. - Administrative Staff
Brownlee, James F. - Board of Directors
Bruce, John McKamey - Board of Directors
Buchman, Myron I. - Board of Directors
Bunker, Mrs. Arthur - Board of Directors
Burdick, C. Lalor - Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Burke, Helen - Administrative Staff
Cabot, Blake - Director, Public Information Department
Cabot, Henry B. - Board of Directors
Calderone, Mary Steichen - Medical Director
Calhoun, Mrs. Ernest N. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Nominating Committee
Callaway, S. Rodger - Board of Directors; Chairman, Executive Committee
Campbell, Catherine Hartshorn - Secretary; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Campbell, Lorraine Leeson - President; Chairman, Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Canfield, Cass - President; Chairman, Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Canfield, Jane - Board of Directors
Carr, Mrs. Robert A. - Board of Directors
Carroll, ? - Administrative Staff
Cassard, Mrs. Edward - Board of Directors
Chase, Ilka - Board of Directors
Chase, W. Rowell - Board of Directors
Child, ? - Field Organizer
Clark, Mrs. Gaylord Lee - Board of Directors
Clayton, Will L. - Board of Directors
Clisby, Vesta J. - Board of Directors
Coffin, Henry Sloane - Chairman, National Clergymen's Advisory Council
Colgate, Gilbert - Vice President; Treasurer; Board of Directors
Collisi, Harrison S. - Medical Director
Compton, Mrs. Robert - Board of Directors
Condit, Hortense B. ? - Board of Directors
Conry, Mrs. Clifford - Board of Directors
Cook, Charles - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Budget and Finance Committee
Cooper, Nathaniel H. - Chairman, Medical Committee
Copeland, Lammot DuPont - Vice Chairman; Board of Directors
Cowles, Sage F. - Board of Directors
Craig, Mrs. David R. - Board of Directors
Cushman, Howard - Director of Public Relations
Cushman Jr., Mrs. Arthur - Board of Directors
Cutler, Mrs John W. - Board of Directors
Dalrymple, Mrs. John S. - Board of Directors
Darrach, Mrs. William - Board of Directors
Dawson, Mrs. Rapier - Board of Directors
Day, Rufus S. Jr. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee
De Beck, Mrs. William - Board of Directors
Derby, Mrs. William - Board of Directors
Dickinson, Robert Latou - Vice President; Board of Directors
Dixon, Arthur - Board of Directors
Dodge, Eva F. - Associate Medical Director
Draper, William H. Jr. - Vice Chairman; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
DuPont, Katharine L. - Secretary; Board of Directors
DuPont, Pierre S., 3rd - Vice President; Board of Directors
Eastman, Nicholson J. - Chairman, National Medical Council
Ecsedy, Marlee M. - Administrative Staff
Elliott, Elmira - Board of Directors
Elting, Victor - Board of Directors
Emerson, Haven - Chairman, National Medical Council
Ettenheim, Mrs. George - Board of Directors
Ewenstein, Janice - Administrative Staff
Fairchild, Henry Pratt - Vice President; Board of Directors
Fansler, John B. - Board of Directors; Vice President
Ferguson, Frances Hand - President; Vice President; Board of Directors; Chairman, Executive Committee; Chairman, International Committee; Chairman, Nominating Committee; Chairman, Field Committee
Ferguson, Mrs. Walter - Board of Directors
Fleet, Mrs. S. Douglas - Board of Directors
Forsling, Elizabeth - Board of Directors
Fox, R. K. Jr. - Board of Directors
Freedheim, Mrs. Eugene H. - Board of Directors; Chairman, By-Laws Committee
French, Mrs. Graham - Board of Directors
Gamble, Clarence James - Board of Directors
Garver, Chauncey B. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Garwood, Miriam F. - Field Service Representative
Gibson, T. K. - Board of Directors
Gill, L. - ?
Gillespie, Mrs. George E. Jr. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Affiliates Committee
Goetting, Betty-Mary - Board of Directors
Goldstein, Rabbi Sidney E. - Board of Directors
Goodhue, Francis A. - Executive Committee; Board of Directors
Gray, Naomi Thomas - Administrative Staff; Field Service Representative
Grubstein, ? - Board of Directors
Guthrie, Molly Danforth - Board of Directors
Guttmacher, Alan F. - President; Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Medical Committee
Guyer, David - Board of Directors
Gwinn, David Marshall - Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Hadley, Katherine Blodgett - Board of Directors; Chairman, Executive Committee; Chairman, Public Information Committee
Hale, Grace - Field Representative
Hamlin, Mrs. Hannibal - Board of Directors
Hampton, Marion - Administrative Staff
Handloser, Mrs. R. F. - Board of Directors
Harris, Mrs. Leon A. Jr. - Board of Directors
Harrison, Mrs. Joseph Jr. - Board of Directors
Harrison, Pauline L. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Hart, Mrs. Lawrence - Board of Directors
Hartman, Carl G. - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Biological Research Committee
Harvey, Dorothy D. - Board of Directors
Hellman, Louis - Board of Directors
Hemingburg, Alphonse - Board of Directors
Henshaw, Paul S. - Director of Research
Herz, Herbert - Executive Committee; Chairman, Budget and Finance Committee
Hessel, Mrs. Sidney A. - Board of Directors
Hildreth, Mrs. H. Rommel - Board of Directors
Hill, Mozell C. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Social Research Committee
Holden, Frederick C. - Vice-president; Executive Committee; Board of Directors
Holladay, Mrs. A. Randolph - Board of Directors
Holland, Jerome H. - Board of Directors
Hommel, Mrs. Carlton L. - Board of Directors
Howland, Nancy - Administrative Staff
Huse, Penelope B. P. - Public Information Department
Ingalls, Mabel S. - Board of Directors
Ives, Kenneth A. - Treasurer; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Jaffe, Frederick S. - Assistant Director, Public Relations/Information and Education Department
Janney, Mrs. L. A. - Board of Directors
Johnson, Mrs. Arthur - Board of Directors
Johnson, Mrs. J. Burlin - Board of Directors
Jones, Eleanor Dwight - Vice President; Board of Directors
Joshel, Vera M. - Administrative Staff
Kammen, ? - Administrative Staff
Katz, Arthur Joel - Executive Committee; Board of Directors
Kelly, Nicholas - Board of Directors
Kennedy, William T. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Medical Committee
Kennedy, Mrs. Donald S. - Board of Directors
Kerns, Rolland E. - Board of Directors
Kingsley, Elizabeth S. - Secretary; Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman
Kinsolving, Rev. Arthur B. - Board of Directors
Kleeman, Richard P. - Board of Directors
Klein, Alice Campbell - Administrative Staff
Kling, L. E. - Medical Director
Knight, Mrs. Richard B. - Board of Directors
Kyle, Richard S. - Executive Committee
Lamont, Florence Haskell Corliss - Board of Directors
Langford, Mary - Field Service Representative
Lasker, Mary Reinhardt - Executive Committee; Secretary; Vice President; Board of Directors; Chairman, Fund-Raising Committee
Latshaw, John - Board of Directors
Lawrence, L. - Board of Directors
Lazarus, Hattie. W. - Board of Directors; Chairman, Nominating Committee
Leake, Chauncey D. - Board of Directors
Leighton, Isabel - Board of Directors
Leiss, Eleanor - Social Work Consultant
LeVan, Katherine - Field Consultant
Levy, Mrs. Robert - Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Lindabury, Mrs. Richard H. - Board of Directors
Lindsay, George N. Jr. - Board of Directors
Lingo, Mrs. Lord - Board of Directors
Lisle, Mrs. Richard W. - Board of Directors
Livingston, Goodhue - Board of Directors
Loop, Mrs. Alan B. - Board of Directors
Lore, ? - Administrative Staff
Loth, David - Director, Public Information Department; Acting National Director
Mackie, Mrs. David I. - Board of Directors
MacLingo, Mrs. William - Board of Directors
Mali, Henry J. - Treasurer; Executive Committee; Board of Directors
Mali, Katharine - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Affiliates Committee
Mallinson, Mrs. Hiram - Board of Directors
Mannheimer, Mrs. Robert E. - Board of Directors
Marsh, Charlotte Delafield - Board of Directors
Martin, Mrs. John B. Jr. - Board of Directors
Masback, Harold E. - Board of Directors
Mauck, Harriett - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Long Range Planning Committee
McCallum, M. E. Revell - Board of Directors
McCarroll, E. Mae - Field Representative, Special Projects Department
McClintock, Beatrice - Board of Directors
McEvoy, Ruth - Board of Directors
McGinley, Sandra M. - Board of Directors
McGreevy, Mrs. Milton W. - Board of Directors
McIntyre, James H. - Field Service Representative
McKinnon, Edna Rankin - Field Service Representative
McLane, Charles M. - Board of Directors; Chairman, Medical Committee
McLaurin, B. F. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee
McPheeters, Mrs. Samuel B. - Board of Directors
Mellon, Mrs. A. E. - Board of Directors
Mendoza, Ofelia - Field Service Representative
Milam, D. F. - National Director; Board of Directors
Miles, Mrs. Rufus E. Jr. - Board of Directors
Miller, Florence - Administrative Staff, Special Projects Department
Miller, Mrs. Harlan - Board of Director
Mills, Leslie - Treasurer; Board of Directors; Chairman, Budget and Finance Committee
Mills, Mrs. Dudley H.- Board of Directors
Mills, Mrs. George S. - Board of Directors
Mills, Mrs. James Paul - Board of Directors
Milmine, Mary P. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Minton, Mrs. Henry M. - Board of Directors
Montgomery, Charlotte - Vice President; Board of Directors; Chairman, Executive Committee
Morain, Lloyd L. - Board of Directors
Morrison, Dean - Board of Directors
Mumm, Louise N. - Director of Field Services
Munsell, Elizabeth - Board of Directors
Myers, Clifford - Director, Public Relations Department
Nelms, Agnese Carter - Board of Directors ; Vice President
Nelson, George I. - Board of Directors
Nelson, Warren Otto - Board of Directors; Chairman, Biological Research Committee
Newkirk, ? - Board of Directors
Nokes, John M. - Board of Directors
Norcross, Mrs. Hiram - Board of Directors
Norton, Roy - Board of Directors
Nuveen, Grace Bennet - Board of Directors
Nuveen, John - Executive Committee
Nyburg, Mrs. Robert S. - Board of Directors
Obre, Henry - Board of Directors
Orr, Robert D. - Board of Directors, Personnel Committee
Peters, Thomas M. - Board of Directors; Chairman Budget and Finance Committee
Phelps, Mrs. Stowe C. - Chairman, Executive Committee; Vice President; Board of Directors; Chairman, Review Committee; Chairman, Nominating Committee
Pierce, Claude C. - Executive Committee; Medical Director
Pierson, Richard N. - President; Board of Directors
Pike, Rev. James - Chairman, Clergymen's Committee
Pillsbury, Eleanor Bellows - President; Vice Chairman; Chairman, Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Fund-Raising Council
Plimpton, Pauline Ames - Board of Directors
Pool, Beekman H. - Assistant Director
Pool, Mrs. Beekman H. - Board of Directors; Chairman, Public Information Committee
Potter, Rose - Executive Committee
Prentice, Miriam - Administrative Staff
Procope, John L. - Board of Directors; Chairman, Minorities Committee
Pugh, Dorothy - Board of Directors
Reid, Ira DeA. - Board of Directors
Renner, Renee - Administrative Staff
Rice, Otis R. - Board of Directors
Rice, Smith - Board of Directors
Richardson, Mark E. - Board of Directors; Chairman, Executive Committee; Treasurer
Riddle, Estelle M. - Board of Directors
Ringrose, A. - Administrative Staff
Robertson, Mrs. N. G. - Board of Directors
Robie, Mrs. Theodore R. - Board of Directors
Rock, John - Board of Directors
Rodman, Julius - Administrative Staff
Rogers, Helen E.? - Board of Directors
Rogers, Maud - Director of Field Service; Acting Director of Fund-Raising
Romberg, Margaret - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Fund-Raising Committee
Roper, Elmo - Board of Directors
Rose, D. Kenneth - National Director; Board of Directors, Executive Committee
Rose, Florence - Director of Special Projects; Administrative Staff
Roseberry, Eleanor -Social Work Consultant; Field Service Representative
Roth, Edith - Assistant to the National Director
Rothschild, Carola Warburg - Vice President; Secretary; Board of Directors
Rutledge, Doris L. - Administrative Staff
Rutledge, Peggy - Administrative Staff
Saltzman, Charles E. - Board of Directors
Sanger, Margaret - Honorary President/Chairman; Board of Directors
Scheidemann, M. - Administrative Staff
Schieffelin, Bayard - Board of Directors
Schilling, Francis W. - Chairman, By-Laws Revision Committee
Schneider, ? - Administrative Staff
Schumacher, Mrs. Fred W. - Board of Directors
Scott, Katherine Miller - Executive Committee; Vice President; Board of Directors
Scribner, Charles Ezra - Chairman; Vice Chairman; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Scull, James H. - Director of Public Information
Secor, Mrs. G. R. - Board of Directors
Seissler, ? - Administrative Staff
Selinger, Mrs. M. A. - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Fund-Raising Committee
Senior, Clarence - Board of Directors
Shamburger, L. L. - Board of Directors
Shepard, Mrs. Frank P. - Secretary; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Shuman, Anna Jane Phillips - Board of Directors
Smillie, Wilson G. - Chairman, Lasker Award Committee
Smith, James Hopkins, Jr. - Board of Directors
Smith, Mrs. Gordon H. - Board of Directors
Snodgrass, Marie - Board of Directors
Snyder, Margaret - Research Assistant
Solomon, Edward - Executive Committee; Chairman, Social Research Committee
Spencer, Georgia C. - Board of Directors
Spingarn, Hope Malik - Assistant Director/Director, Public Information Department; Educational Consultant
Starr, Martha Jane - Board of Directors
Stern, Jerome - Administrative Staff
Stern, Mrs. Julius Long - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Annual Meeting Committee; Chairman, Information and Education Committee
Stewart, Margaret M. - Social Work Consultant
Stewart, Mrs. Roy - Board of Directors
Stockstrom, Gladys - Board of Directors; Chairman, Study Committee
Stone, Abraham - Vice President; Executive Committee; Board of Directors
Stopford, Mrs. Robert M. - Chairman, Annual Meeting Committee
Stott, Mrs. Louis L. - Board of Directors
Straus, Mrs. Robert - Board of Directors
Strauss, Donald B. - Vice Chairman; Board of Directors; Chairman, Information and Education Committee
Stuart, Ida L. - Administrative Staff
Stubblefield, Mrs. D. W. - Board of Directors
Suarez, Evelyn - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Public Information Committee
Taylor, Jeanette J. - Executive Committee; Secretary; Board of Directors
Test, Alfred L. - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Budget and Finance Committee
Thetaz, Marius - Administrative Staff
Thomas, Mrs. Owen - Board of Directors
Tompkins, Sally Bates - Board of Directors; Chairman, Public Education Committee
Townend, Mrs. Henry - Board of Directors
Trane, Mrs. James - Board of Directors
Tree, Ronald - Vice-President; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Trent, Kathryn - Director, Field Department
Trent, William Jr. - Board of Directors
Trisko, Jean - Field Service Representative
Trowbridge, Rev. Cornelius P. - President; Vice President; Board of Directors; Chairman, Nominating Committee
Turlington, Lee F. - Board of Directors
Tyler, Edward T. - Board of Directors
Upham, John H. J. - President/Chairman; Board of Directors; Chairman, National Medical Council
Valentine, Mrs. Alan - Vice President; Board of Directors; Chairman, Nominating Committee
Van Slyck, Lucia Norton - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Social Work Advisory Committee
Van Vleck, Joseph, Jr. - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Personnel Committee
Vanderbilt, William H. - Board of Directors
Vogt, Johanna Von Goeckingk - Administrative Staff
Vogt, William - National Director; Board of Directors; Executive Committee
Wallace, Mrs. Richard H. - Board of Directors
Ward, Mary Van Ellen - Board of Directors
Ware, H. Hudnall - Board of Directors
Weir, Roslyn C. - Board of Directors
Wells, Mrs. Herbert C. Jr. - Board of Directors
Whelpton, Pascal K. - Executive Committee; Board of Directors
Whitelaw, Mrs. John B. - Board of Directors
Wile, Ira Solomon - Chairman; Executive Committee
Williams, Ben C. - Board of Directors
Williams, C. Dickerman - Board of Directors; Executive Committee; Chairman, Finance and Budget Committee
Williams, Mrs. I. T. - Board of Directors
Willson, Edith E. - Board of Directors
Wilson, Eileen - Assistant to National Director
Wilson, John P. Jr. - Board of Directors
Wilson, Mrs. Gerald - Executive Committee; Board of Directors; Chairman, Nominating Committee
Winslow, C. E. A. - Vice President; Board of Directors
Wohlforth, Mildred Gilman - Public Relations Department
Workum, Emily Harneill - Board of Directors; Chairman, Executive Committee; Chairman, Public Relations Committee; Chairman, Field Committee
Workum, Fifield - Board of Directors
Worthington, Mrs. Union - Board of Directors
Wright, Cecil Damon - Assistant to the Director; Executive Committee
Wright, Mrs. R. Stephens - Board of Directors
Young, Whitney M. Jr. - Board of Directors
Zulandi, Connie - Administrative Staff
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For other organizations involved with PPFA, see:
BCFA for records of the preceding organization
MSRB for records of affiliated organization that served as the research arm of the Federation
IPPF for records related to PPFA's international work
For conferences associated with PPFA, see:
1948 International Congress on Population and World Resources
1952 3rd International Conference on Planned Parenthood
1953 4th International Conference on Planned Parenthood
1955 5th International Conference on Planned Parenthood
1957 Proposed 6th International Conference on Planned Parenthood
1959 6th International Conference on Planned Parenthood
1960 New Look at the Population Crisis Conference
For tributes sponsored by or associated with PPFA, see:
1961 World Tribute to Margaret Sanger
1966 PPFA International Sponsors Council Tribute
Note on sources:
The Smith College Collections Series contains a large number of PPFA records, including minutes, reports, form letters, organizational memos, and publications. This Series also contains Sanger's correspondence with PPFA officers and directors, funders, and other relevant parties. The Records of PPFA records, of which only a small number were included in this edition, are available for research in the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. The Library of Congress microfilm contains a smaller collection of PPFA records, mostly concentrated between 1942 and the early-1950s. The Collected Documents Series also has some PPFA records and correspondence with PPFA officers
The Quotes below come directly from Margaret Sanger and Company in regard to abortion, family, and their ideas!
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Planned Parenthood Speaks
The Pro-Family, Pro-Woman, Pro-Society Organization, or is it?
For your convenience, we have compiled a sample list of quotes by Planned Parenthood(PP) in order to help you determine if the largest provider of abortion in the country is really pro-family, pro-woman, and pro-society at its core. These quotes are from members of PP itself, and oftentimes important members. So let's let PP speak for itself! Enjoy. . .
QUOTES BY CATEGORIES:
ON ABORTION
(Planned Parenthood at first...)
"An abortion kills the life of a baby after it has begun. It is dangerous to your life and health. it may make you sterile, so that when you want a child you cannot have it ... Birth control merely postpones the beginning of life."
-- Planned Parenthood pamphlet entitled "Plan Your Children," 1963.
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"One sperm plus one egg = one baby."
-- Planned Parenthood/World Population pamphlet entitled "ABCs of Birth Control," 1973, page 4.
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(...and then...)
"In the mid-1960's, Planned Parenthood's attitude towards the unborn changed dramatically from that shown in the above quotes. It established as a firm goal the increase of abortions in its clinics from 45,000 per year to 80,000 per year."
-- Michael Schwarty, "Bringing the Sexual Revolution Home: Planned Parenthood's Five-Year Plan." America, February 18, 1978.
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"Most professionals and volunteers associated with Planned Parenthood have accepted, for a long time, the necessity of abortion as an integral part of any complete or total family planning program."
-- Richard D. Glasow, Ph.D. "Planned Parenthood 1969-1972: Assuming an Activist Posture on Behalf of Legalized Abortion." National Right to Life News, January 31, 1985, page 6.
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Webmaster's Note: Abortion stops a beating heart. It brutally kills the developing pre-born baby. They are not choices, they are children.
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ON POPULATION CONTROL AND COERCIVE POPULATION CONTROL
"I predict the possibility that eventually coercion [in population programs] may become necessary. [Such force may be required] in areas where the pressure is the greatest, possibly in India and China."
-- Planned Parenthood spokesman, quoted by Richard D. Glasow, Ph.D. "Ideology Compels Fervid PPFA Abortion Advocacy." National Right to Life News, March 28, 1985, page 5.
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Planned Parenthood's founder, Margaret Sanger, proposed an "American Baby Code (ABC)," which included the following articles;
"Article 3. A marriage shall in itself give husband and wife only the right to a common household and not the right to parenthood.
Article 4. No woman shall have the legal right to bear a child, and no man shall have the right to become a father, without a permit for parenthood.
Article 6. No permit for parenthood shall be valid for more than one birth."
-- Margaret Sanger. "The American Baby Code." The American Weekly, May 27, 1934, pages 3 and 4. Quoted by Randy Engel during United States Senate hearings entitled "Declaration of U.S. Policy of Population Stabilization By Voluntary Means, 1971." Special Subcommittee on Human Resources of the Committee on Labor & Public Welfare, United States Senate, 92nd Congress, First Session, on S.J.R. 108, August 5, October 5, 8, and 14, and November 3, 1971.
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Planned Parenthood has also seriously proposed -- much more recently -- the following population control measures for the United States;
"* institute a substantial marriage tax;
* provided bonuses for delayed marriage and childbearing;
* require women to work but provide few child care facilities;
* reduce or eliminate all maternity leave or benefits;
* limit or eliminate public financed medical care, scholarships, housing, loans and subsidies to families with more than a certain number of children;
* compulsory abortion of out-of-wedlock pregnancies;
* stock certificate-type permits for children;
* payments to encourage contraception;
* payments to encourage sterilization;
* payments to encourage abortions; and
* compulsory sterilization for those who have had two children."
-- Memo dated March 11, 1969, entitled "Examples of Proposed Measures to Reduce U.S. Fertility by Universality or Selectivity of Impact." From Frederick S. Jaffe, Vice President of Planned Parenthood/World Population, to Bernard Berelson.
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Webmaster's note: Keep in mind that the above articles were intended for implementation in the United States, not in China! And also notice the similiarity between the forced one-child policy in China today compared to these PP propositions for the United States.
ON SEX-SELECTED ABORTIONS
"... once the state of the fetal diagnostic art moves from second to first trimester, so abortion falls within the menstrual extraction period. Planned parenthood will increasingly connote planning the sex as well as the spacing of offspring."
-- Planned Parenthood spokesman, quoted in Lisa Andrusko. "A Fact of Life: What Are "Sex-Selection Abortions?"" National Right to Life News, March 14, 1985, page 3.
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Webmaster's note: The current abortion on demand law gives the opportunity for people to have an abortion just because they don't want a girl, legally! In China and other Asian countries, this is a common use for abortion. This gives rise to one of the greatest abuses of women ever, don't worry about them voting, just take away their life(sarcasm).
ON PREGNANCY
"Unwanted pregnancy is transmitted sexually, is socially and emotionally pathologic ... and has many other characteristics of the conventional venereal diseases. -Willard Cates Jr., M.D., et al. "Abortion as a Treatment for Unwanted Pregnancy: The Number Two Sexually-Transmitted Condition." Address presented to the Association of Planned Parenthood Physicians Conference, Miami Beach, Florida, November 11-12, 1976.
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"The pill, in my opinion and that of my colleagues, is an important prophylaxis, perhaps the most important, against one of the gravest sociomedical illnesses extant. That, of course, is unwanted pregnancy."
-- Alan Guttmacher, M.D., Medical Director of Planned Parenthood Federation of America. Senator Gaylord Nelson's (D-Wi.) Hearings on Competitive Problems in the Drug Industry, by the Senate Subcommittee on Monopoly -- Select Committee on Small Business, Part 16, page 6,572, February 25, 1970.
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"We have yet to beat our public health drums for birth control in the way we beat them for polio vaccine; we are still unable to put babies in the class of dangerous epidemics, even though that is the exact truth."
-- Mary S. Calderone, M.D., Medical Director, Planned Parenthood Federation of America, and founder, Sex Education and Information Council of the United States (SIECUS). Medical Morals newsletter, February-March 1968.
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"[Pregnancy] is an episodic, moderately extended, chronic condition ... May be defined as an illness ... treated by evacuation of the uterine contents."
-- Warren Hern, M.D. "Is Pregnancy Really Normal?" Alan Guttmacher Institute's Family Planning Perspectives, January 1971, page 9.
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"Opponents of oral contraceptives always talk in terms of the treatment of 'healthy women.' Those of us who have to treat women who are pregnant with an unwanted baby do not feel that she can be considered to be healthy."
-- Elizabeth B. Connell, M.D., Planned Parenthood Medical Advisory Council, New York City, 1964. Senator Gaylord Nelson's (D-Wi.) Hearings on Competitive Problems in the Drug Industry, by the Senate Subcommittee on Monopoly -- Select Committee on Small Business, Part 16, page 6,523, February 25, 1970.
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"Many parents are shocked to find Planned Parenthood giving their daughters birth control pills. The point is still under debate as to whether pregnancy is a disability, a disease, a choice or a right."
-- Rachel Cressman, Program Director, Planned Parenthood, quoted in the Colorado Springs Gazette Telegram, July 20, 1978.
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"It's hard work to have a baby! Then two years of slave labor and 16 years of responsibility! You never have a moment's freedom! The simplest trip to the grocery store has to be planned like a military campaign! From the moment you decide not to have an abortion, that kid is going to determine your life!"
-- "Abortion Eve," 1973 comic book by Chin Lyvely and Joyce Sutton, promoted by Planned Parenthood, pages 14 and 15.
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Webmaster's note: The first feminists like Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Mary Wollstonecraft were pro-life. See, by making pregnancy into a disease, you are saying women have this "crutch" that men don't; you are saying men are "healthier, immune from this disease, superior from birth." Furthermore, you treat the developing child like trash, like an object of which you are the judge of its "disposal" or "maintenance," and you turn women against their children. For centuries, men have been jeolous of the ability of women to give and nurture life, and have been held responsible for their actions if they got a girl pregnant. But now that pregnancy is seen as a problem that can be "solved" with an abortion, men are free from the responsibility they owe whomever they impregnant.
ON TEENAGE PROMISCUITY
"We are not going to be an organization promoting celibacy or chastity."
-- Faye Wattleton, former president of Planned Parenthood. Quoted in the Los Angeles Times, October 17, 1986, Part V, page 1. Also quoted in Judie Brown. "The Wattleton-Sanger Tradition: Deception." ALL About Issues, May 1988, pages 18 and 19.
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"Girls who have not begun to menstruate need to be told they can become pregnant. Advise using condoms with foam if intercourse is sporadic or OCs [oral contraceptives] if is occurs regularly ... Oral contraceptives can be safely prescribed prior to menarche [first menstruation]."
-- Louise Tyrer, M.D., Vice President for Medical Affairs for Planned Parenthood. "What Every Teen Should Know About Contraceptives." Contemporary Pediatrics, October 1989, pages 68 to 82 and 94.
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"Our alternative solution is to be ready as educators and parents to help young people obtain sex satisfaction before marriage. By sanctioning sex before marriage, we will prevent fear and guilt. We must also relieve those who have them of their fears and guilt feelings, and we must be ready to provide young boys and girls with the best contraception measures available so they will have the necessary means to achieve sexual satisfaction without having to risk possible pregnancy. We owe this to them."
-- Dr. Lena Levine. "Psychosexual Development." Planned Parenthood News, Summer 1953, page 10.
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"If, however, you have separated your sex and love needs ... then you could have a hundred partners and still be a perfect candidate for a good close relationship later on. So having multiple sexual partners in itself doesn't mean anything."
-- Harvey Caplan, M.D., staff clinician at Planned Parenthood/ World Population of Alameda-San Francisco. Quoted in The Joy of Birth Control by Stephanie Mills, PPFA board member.
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"Do you want a convenient warm body? Buy one. That's right. There are women who have freely chosen that business; buy one. Do you want a virgin to marry? Buy one. There are girls in that business, too. Marriage is the price you'll pay, and you'll get the virgin. Very temporarily."
-- Sheri Tepper, "You've Changed the Combination!" Rocky Mountain Planned Parenthood, Denver, Colorado, 1977, page 18.
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"No religious views, no moral standards, are to deflect the child from the overriding purposes of self-discovery, self-assertion, and self-gratification."
-- Planned Parenthood Sex Education and Mental Health Report, 1979.
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"According to Planned Parenthood, of all the health care services that teens may require, the four services most needed are abortion, contraception, treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, and obstetric care. In fact, Planned Parenthood asserts that ten-year olds have the right to contraception, sterilization, and abortion without their parents' knowledge!"
-- International Planned Parenthood Foundation, Adolescent Fertility, London, 1983, page 31.
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"Our advice, the first time you see a small child fondling himself, is to take this teachable moment and try to get across the message that masturbating is something practically everyone does because it feels good, that there's nothing wrong with it, that it's okay with you (if it is), but that it is something to be done in private. . . . "Many boys, at some point in their development, make it a group event with one or more [other] boys."
-- Faye Wattleton, former president of Planned Parenthood Federation of America (PPFA). How to Talk with Your Child About Sexuality. Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1986, 150 pages. A detailed review of this book may be obtained from Jim Sedlak, Director, Stop Planned Parenthood (STOPP), Post Office Box 8, LaGrangeville, New York 12540.
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"There are certain things that you do not want to talk about to your parents. There are certain things they don't want to talk about to you. The only thing you owe anyone is courtesy. You don't owe anyone 'love.' If you think your parents are great, that's wonderful. If you don't get along, that's too bad but it's no lifetime tragedy. How you feel about them isn't nearly as important as how you feel about yourself. And if you start thinking and talking about them all the time, you may find yourself still doing it at age fifty with no one listening."
-- Sheri Tepper, "You've Changed the Combination!" Rocky Mountain Planned Parenthood, Denver, Colorado, 1977, page 18.
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Webmaster's note: Encouraging promiscuity and sex leads to sky-rocketing sales of contraceptives. More people become sexually active, abstinence becomes that "ideal, Christian dream," sex becomes that oh-so-common-topic-of-discussion-and-jokes, and abortions rise. Abortion always rises in a society that vigorously promotes contraceptives because they treat children as "unwanted products of sexual pleasure." Sigh...
ON THE INEFFECTIVESS OF SEX EDUCATION AND CONTRACEPTION
"At the risk of being repetitious, I would remind the group that we have found the highest frequency of induced abortions in the group which, in general, most frequently uses contraception."
-- Famous sex researcher Dr. Alfred E. Kinsey, at the April 1955 Conference on Induced Abortion, sponsored by PPFA.
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"It was recognized by conference participants that no scientific evidence has been developed to support the claim that the increased availability of contraceptive services will clearly result in a decreased illegal abortion rate."
-- Concluding statement signed by the leading sex researchers of the day at the April 1955 Conference on Induced Abortion, sponsored by the Planned Parenthood Federation of America. Cosigners included Alan Guttmacher, M.D.; Alfred E. Kinsey, M.D.; Christopher Tietze, M.D.; John Rock, M.D.; and Abraham Stone, M.D.
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"Evidence of rising abortion rates with the expanding use of contraceptives is now available for Korea, India, Taiwan, Iran, Turkey, Egypt, and some parts of Latin America."
-- Malcolm Potts, M.D. (Medical Director of the International Planned Parenthood Federation), and Clive Wood, editors. New Concepts in Contraception. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1972. Page 12.
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Webmaster's note: It's a win win situation. You sell contraceptives, you make money. Contraceptives for some reason increases unwanted pregancies. You then sell abortions, and you make even more money. It's all figured out.
ON THE RIGHT TO LIVE
"No such thing as a constitutional "right to life" exists for anyone, born or unborn."
-- Planned Parenthood lawyer Harriet Pilpel, in testimony before the United States Committee on Constitutional Amendments, March 1975.
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Webmaster's note: OU Right to Life? What a deceitful name!
ON INCEST
"... incest between adults and younger children can also prove to be a satisfying and enriching experience. Incestuous relationships can -- and do -- work out well."
-- Wardell B. Pomeroy of Planned Parenthood. "A New Look at Incest," Forum Magazine, November 1976, pages 84 to 89.
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Webmaster's note: Just a little too far for my taste. . .
ON SEX WITH ANIMALS
"I have known cases of farm boys who have had a loving sexual relationship with an animal and who felt good about their behavior until they got to college, where they learned for the first time that what they had done was 'abnormal.' Then they were upset."
-- Wardell Pomeroy, Ph.D. Boys and Sex. Delacorte Press, New York, 1981. Pages 171 and 172. This book is used in numerous public school systems in the United States.
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Webmaster's note: This guy has a Ph.D??? What school did he go to so I DON'T go there, lol.
ON RACIST EUGENICS
"First as you know, as we celebrate the 100th birthday of Margaret Sanger, our outrageous and our courageous leader we will probably find a number of areas in which we may want to find more about Margaret Sanger than we thought we wanted to know ... we should be very proud of what we are and what our mission is. It is a very grand mission ... abortion is only the tip of the iceberg."
-- Transcript of the address given by Faye Wattleton, president, Planned Parenthood Federation of America, at its annual luncheon in St. Louis, Missouri, on February 5, 1979.
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"Our failure to segregate morons who are increasing and multiplying ... demonstrates our foolhardy and extravagant sentimentalism ... [Philanthropists] encourage the healthier and more normal sections of the world to shoulder the burden of unthinking and indiscriminate fecundity of others; which brings with it, as I think the reader must agree, a dead weight of human waste. Instead of decreasing and aiming to eliminate the stocks that are most detrimental to the future of the race and the world, it tends to render them to a menacing degree dominant ... We are paying for, and even submitting to, the dictates of an ever-increasing, unceasingly spawning class of human beings who never should have been born at all."
-- Margaret Sanger. The Pivot of Civilization. 1922. Chapter on "The Cruelty of Charity," pages 116, 122, and 189. Swarthmore College Library edition.
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"In passing, we should here recognize the difficulties presented by the idea of 'fit' and 'unfit.' Who is to decide this question? The grosser, the more obvious, the undeniably feeble-minded should, indeed, not only be discouraged but prevented from propagating their kind. But among the writings of the representative Eugenists (sic), one cannot ignore the distinct middle-class bias that prevails."
-- Margaret Sanger. Quoted in Charles Valenza. "Was Margaret Sanger a Racist?" Family Planning Perspectives, January-February 1985, page 44.
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"The third group [of society] are those irresponsible and reckless ones having little regard for the consequences of their acts, or whose religious scruples prevent their exercising control over their numbers. Many of this group are diseased, feeble-minded, and are of the pauper element dependent upon the normal and fit members of society for their support. There is no doubt in the minds of all thinking people that the procreation of this group should be stopped."
-- Margaret Sanger. Speech quoted in Birth Control: What It Is, How It Works, What It Will Do. The Proceedings of the First American Birth Control Conference. Held at the Hotel Plaza, New York City, November 11-12, 1921. Published by the Birth Control Review, Gothic Press, pages 172 and 174.
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"Birth control must lead ultimately to a cleaner race."
-- Margaret Sanger. Woman, Morality, and Birth Control. New York: New York Publishing Company, 1922. Page 12.
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"There is only one reply to a request for a higher birthrate among the intelligent, and that is to ask the government to first take the burden of the insane and feeble-minded from your back. [Mandatory] sterilization for these is the answer."
-- Margaret Sanger, October 1926 Birth Control Review.
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"Give dysgenic groups [people with 'bad genes'] in our population their choice of segregation or [compulsory] sterilization."
-- Margaret Sanger, April 1932 Birth Control Review.
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"[Slavs, Latin, and Hebrew immigrants are] human weeds ... a deadweight of human waste ... [Blacks, soldiers, and Jews are a] menace to the race."
"Eugenic sterilization is an urgent need ... We must prevent multiplication of this bad stock."
-- Margaret Sanger, April 1933 Birth Control Review.
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"We should hire three or four colored ministers, preferably with social-service backgrounds, and with engaging personalities. The most successful educational approach to the Negro is through a religious appeal. We don't want the word to go out that we want to exterminate the Negro population, and the minister is the man who can straighten out that idea if it ever occurs to any of their more rebellious members."
-- Margaret Sanger's December 19, 1939 letter to Dr. Clarence Gamble, 255 Adams Street, Milton, Massachusetts. Original source: Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College, North Hampton, Massachusetts. Also discussed in Linda Gordon's Woman's Body, Woman's Right: A Social History of Birth Control in America. New York: Grossman Publishers, 1976.
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Sanger's letter was in response to a memorandum by Dr. Gamble that stated, in part; "There is a great danger that we will fail because the Negroes think it a plan for extermination. Hence let's appear to let the colored run it as we appeared to let the South do the conference at Atlanta."
-- November 1939 memorandum by Dr. Clarence Gamble entitled "Suggestions for Negro Project." Original source: Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College, North Hampton, Massachusetts.
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"I cannot overemphasize the importance of utilizing Negro professionals, fully integrated into the staff of this organization. This key professional worker could interpret the program and the objectives to them in the normal course of day to day contacts; could break down fallacious attitudes and beliefs and elements of distrust; could inspire the confidence of the group; and would not be suspected of the intent to eliminate the race."
-- Dr. Dorothy B. Ferebee. "Planned Parenthood as a Health Measure for the Negro Race." Address at the 1942 Birth Control Foundation of America (later Planned Parenthood) annual meeting. Source: Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Margaret Sanger Collection.
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"[Our objective is] unlimited sexual gratification without the burden of unwanted children."
Sanger's credo of women's rights: "to live ... to love ... to be lazy ... to be an unmarried mother ... to create ... to destroy."
"The marriage bed is the most degenerative influence in the social order."
"The most merciful thing that a family does to one of its infant members is to kill it."
-- Margaret Sanger (editor). The Woman Rebel, Volume I, Number 1. Reprinted in Woman and the New Race. New York: Brentanos Publishers, 1922.
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Even Marxist theorists, though apparently blind in other areas, recognize the obviously racist nature of the programs promulgated by Planned Parenthood and the other population controllers;
"The not-so-concealed theme of some major figures in NARAL [National Abortion Rights Action League] and NOW [National Organization for Women] was that abortion should be legal because the most prolific breeders were welfare mothers from the dangerous classes ... the leader of NARAL in New York lobbied against the provisions to protect poor minority women from involuntary sterilization, and so did Planned Parenthood."
-- Alexander Cockburn, quoted in Proletarian Revolution, Fall 1989, page 28.
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Webmaster's Note: I have yet to hear an apology for these comments from PP. It is revolting that the famed hero of PP believed these things; it's no different than Hitler. I even have a hard time believe she said this. . . it's horrible!
ON RESPECTING THE LAW
"We will disobey laws requiring notification to parents of minors receiving contraceptive drugs or devices."
-- Faye Wattleton, Director, Planned Parenthood Federation of America. The Human Right to Family Planning, 1984.
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"Family Planning Associates [the 180 United States Planned Parenthood affiliates] and other nongovernmental associations should not use the
absence of law or the existence of an unfavorable law as an excuse for inaction; action outside the law, or even in violation of it, is part of the process of stimulating change."
-- International Planned Parenthood Federation. The Human Right to Family Planning, 1984. Co-signed by PPFA president Faye Wattleton.
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"There are some laws that can and should be broken ... restrictive abortion laws ... are as obsolete and irrelevant to the contemporary world as the New York State statute which makes it a crime to have a deck of cards in an apartment within a one-mile radius of an armory."
-- Malcolm Potts, M.D., former director of the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF). "Population Growth and Abortion," in Gerald I. Satuchni, John J. Sciarra, and J. Joseph Speidel (editors). Pregnancy Termination: Procedures, Safety and New Developments. New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1979, page 424.
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"Planned Parenthood provides suggestions and assistance for bypassing and disobeying various local and national laws restricting abortion."
-- Donald P. Warwick, "Bitter Pills: Population Policies and Their Implementation in Eight Developing Countries." Cambridge University Press, London, 1982, page 64.
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Webmaster's note: This is typical of radical, totalitarian, leftist thinking. Anything must be done to uphold their ideals and anyone in the way is "taken care of." No respect is given to a democratic system if it works against them.
ON MOTHER THERESA
(Mother Teresa is revered all over the world for her tremendous efforts on behalf of the most helpless and downtrodden of the earth's citizens -- lepers, discarded children, the destitute dying, and AIDS patients. She and her Sisters have saved thousands of lives.)
"This very successful old and withered person, who doesn't look in the least like a woman, especially when she raises her clenched fists in prayer, and who, for us, is a very suspect holder of the Nobel Prize ... has become for us the symbol of all that is bad in motherhood and womanhood -- an image with which we do not wish to be associated. Mother Teresa is the perfect image of a sexless, religious woman. This is, however, not the image of womanhood that we want. Show us instead the mother or daughter who can take delight in the most enjoyable of all worldly pleasures, sexual intimacy. You, you nightmare of women! You unliberated, enslaved wives, mothers, nuns and aun-ts, what do you want from us, who have fin-ally dec-ided that we are go-ing to take control of our bodies, our children, and our destiny into our own hands? Do you not realize that you are all merely puppets of the devil?"
-- "Mother Teresa, the Woman of My Nightmares." Sexualpedagogik, the official monthly publication of "Pro Familia," the West German Planned Parenthood affiliate, March 1986.
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Webmaster's Note: Oh please, who insults Mother Theresa???
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ON THOSE THAT DISAGREE WITH THEM
"In every generation there exists a group of people so filled with bigotry and self-righteousness that they will resort to any means -- even violence -- to impose their views on society. Today, such fanatics dominate a movement ironically called 'the Right-to-Life,' a movement which threatens the most basic of human rights."
-- Planned Parenthood pamphlet, "The Justice Fund," 810 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York 10019.
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Webmaster's note: Please scroll up to the section "On Respecting the Law." Thank you.
ON CHILDREN
"[Children at our office] are both a nuisance and a safety/liability risk. Children will not be allowed in any patient service area, and they may not be left unattended in the waiting room. If a client arrives with a child or children but without a caretaker, her appointment will be rescheduled."
-- Syracuse Planned Parenthood memo, described in "PP: Kids Are a Nuisance." People Concerned for the Unborn Child Newsletter, July-August 1992, page 5.
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"Babies are not sweet little things. They wet and dirty themselves, they get sick, they're very expensive to take care of."
-- Rocky Mountain Planned Parenthood. "The Perils of Puberty." Denver, 1974, page 15.
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Webmaster's note: The difference between the above thinking and right-to-life thinking is that of functions v. essences, a signifcant difference in emphasis. To those above, babies are nuissances because they serve little function and are inconvenient. The right-to-life movement however, lies in awe and reverence at the wonder of life at its most vulnerable times.
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Hard to believe that such things could be said right? Well, they're true, and you can check for yourself with the provided documentation. Quotes really do speak for themselves. Please, I urge you to keep your distance from Planned Parenthood and any radical abortion promoter. And if you don't, at least always maintain skepticism towards their work...
"In every generation there exists a group of people so filled with bigotry and self-righteousness that they will resort to any means -- even violence -- to impose their views on society." --Planned Parenthood.
How ironic?
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This web page was made by OU Right to Life. The quotes were collected from HLI's Pro-Life library CD. Thank you for visiting.
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